Joint Assessment of Intended and Unintended Effects of Medications: An Example Using Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors for Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Table 2

Utilities, intended and unintended effects.

	Mean Utility (95% CI)
Intended Effects ^1
BCVA in the better-seeing eye
20/20	0.92 (0.87–0.97)
20/25	0.87 (0.82–0.92)
20/32	0.84 (0.79–0.89)
20/40	0.80 (0.74–0.86)
20/50	0.77 (0.70–0.84)
20/63	0.74 (0.67–0.81)
20/80	0.74 (0.67–0.81)
20/100	0.67 (0.57–0.77)
20/125	0.67 (0.57–0.77)
20/160	0.66 (0.55–0.77)
20/200	0.66 (0.55–0.77)
20/250	0.63 (0.54–0.72)
20/320	0.63 (0.54–0.72)
20/400	0.54 (0.43–0.65)
20/500	0.54 (0.43–0.65)
20/640	0.54 (0.43–0.65)
20/800	0.52 (0.36–0.68)
Unintended Effects
CVA^2	0.52 (0.42–0.62)
MI^3	0.88 (0.84–0.93)
NOH^4	0.81 (0.74–0.87)

¹From Brown et al. [19], originally referenced in Brown 1999 [20].
²Calculated based on utility decrement associated with a major stroke, from meta-analysis by Tengs and Lin 2003 [21].
³From Tsevat et al. [22].
⁴Based on 3-month utility for a severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage requiring medical intervention, from Maetzel et al. 2001 [23]. Patients were assumed to return to full health for the duration of the cycle.
95% CI: 95% confidence interval; BCVA: best-corrected visual acuity; CVA: cerebrovascular accident; MI: myocardial infarction; NOH: nonocular hemorrhage.