Efficacy of Ethanol Extract of Fructus lycii and Its Constituents Lutein/Zeaxanthin in Protecting Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells against Oxidative Stress: In Vivo and In Vitro Models of Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Figure 4

Effects of lutein/zeaxanthin on proliferation and MMP/TIMP system in ARPE-19 cells treated with H₂O₂. ARPE-19 cells were treated with H₂O₂, with or without lutein/zeaxanthin at the indicated concentrations for 24 h. Treatment with DMSO (0.02%, w/v) was set up as the negative control. (a) MTS assay for evaluation of cell viability. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, *𝑃<0.05 versus control, and **𝑃<0.01 versus control. (b) MTS assay for evaluation of cell viability. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, ^#𝑃<0.05 versus DMSO without H₂O₂, *𝑃<0.05 versus DMSO with H₂O₂, and **𝑃<0.01 versus DMSO with H₂O₂. (c) Western blot analysis for protein levels of MMP-2 and TIMP-2. β-Actin was used as an invariant control for equal loading. Representative blots were from three independent experiments with quantification. Data are expressed as mean ± SD, ^#𝑃<0.05 versus DMSO without H₂O₂, *𝑃<0.05 versus DMSO with H₂O₂, and **𝑃<0.01 versus DMSO with H₂O₂.

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