Coping Style and Quality of Life in Elderly Patients with Vision Disturbances

Table 3

Clinical and social-cognitive variables in three groups. Comparison: state anxiety (X-1) and trait anxiety (X-2), hopelessness (HS), loneliness (UCLA LS-R), and self-esteem (SES).

Group/scale	Group 1		Group 2		Group 3		Significance of differences
	M	SD	M	SD	M	SD	(3,234)	<
STAI: X-1	43,16	12,70	33,90	10,27	42,49	11,32	14,66^ab	0,001
STAI: X-2	45,45	8,98	36,47	6,07	43,99	8,90	25,61^ab	0,001
HS	9,07	4,63	6,16	4,46	9,25	5,19	9,64^ab	0,001
LS	35,76	8,94	30,44	7,30	36,53	9,76	10,26^ab	0,001
SES	27,38	3,08	30,45	3,46	27,41	3,94	16,82^ab	0,001

^aSignificant difference between groups 1 and 2, < 0,05.
^bSignificant difference between groups 2 and 3, < 0,05.