Ocular Complications in Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review with a Meta-Analysis of Reported Cases

Table 2

Clinical features of ocular LEP in each study.

Reference/country	Study design	Age (years)/gender	Ratio; Monolateral : Bilateral	Ocular site	Ratio; ANA P : N	Treatment
Sheehan-Dare and Cunliffe (1988), UK [22]	CR	47 m	Monolateral	Periorbital edema	Positive; speckled pattern	Prednisolone 40 mg
Magee et al. (1991), USA [25]	CR	41 m	Monolateral	Periorbital swelling and proptosis	—	Hydroxychloroquine and prednisone
Inuzuka et al. (2001), Japan [56]	CR	71 f	Bilateral	Eyelid plaque and subcutaneous nodules	Positive	Prednisolone 30 mg
Kao et al. (2010), USA [55]	CR	76 m	Monolateral	Enophthalmos	Positive; diffuse pattern	Prednisone 60 mg
Sudhakar et al. (2012), USA [54]	CR	51 f	Monolateral	Orbit and periorbit inflammation associated with CRAO	—	—
Ohsie et al. (2012), USA [53]	CR	18 f	Monolateral	Panniculitis involving orbit and periorbit tissue	Negative	Corticosteroid and mycophenolate; mofetil

CR: case report; P: positive; N: negative; LEP: lupus erythematosus profundus; CRAO: central retinal artery occlusion.
Dosage not specified.