Perceived Pain during Cataract Surgery with Topical Anesthesia: A Comparison between First-Eye and Second-Eye Surgery
Table 3
Differences between two subgroups of patients who underwent bilateral sequential cataract surgery.
Parameter
More pain ()
Same or less pain ()
value
Mean age (y) ± SD
71 ± 11
66 ± 8
0.073
Gender (male/female)
11/20
11/11
0.300
Median pain (range)
VAS-pain
2 (1, 8)
1.5 (0, 4)
0.032
Wong-Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale
2 (0, 6)
2 (0, 6)
0.003
Median value of anxiety (range)
STAI
6 (6, 24)
9.5 (6, 17)
0.566
VAS anxiety
1 (0, 8)
1.5 (0, 5)
0.293
Median cataract (range)
Nuclear
3 (2, 3)
3 (2.5, 4)
0.260
Cortical
0 (0, 1)
0 (0, 1)
0.513
Posterior subcapsular
0 (0, 1)
0 (0, 1)
0.807
Mean operating room time (min) ± SD
10 ± 2
10 ± 4
0.831
Mean phacoemulsification time (min) ± SD
0.7 ± 0.3
1 ± 0.8
0.061
SBP/DBP (mmHg) ± SD
Preoperative
147 ± 21/82 ± 11
145 ± 25/83 ± 14
0.760/0.815
Intraoperative
153 ± 23/85 ± 13
155 ± 22/89 ± 14
0.769/0.335
Postoperative
146 ± 23/79 ± 13
140 ± 22/78 ± 15
0.326/0.640
Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) ± SD
Preoperative
104 ± 13
103 ± 17
0.959
Intraoperative
108 ± 15
110 ± 16
0.660
Postoperative
102 ± 15
99 ± 15
0.451
Heart rate (bpm) ± SD
Preoperative
76 ± 13
73 ± 15
0.418
Intraoperative
76 ± 12
76 ± 14
0.960
Postoperative
75 ± 11
71 ± 17
0.203
Mean arterial pressure = systolic pressure × 1/3 + diastolic pressure × 2/3. Significantly different between the two groups (two-tailed Wilcoxon test). SD, standard deviation; VAS, visual analog scale, STAI, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure.
