To Study and Determine the Role of Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography and Ultrasound Biomicroscopy in Corneal and Conjunctival Tumors
Table 2
Articles using AS-OCT in conjunctival and corneal tumors.
Author, year
Study
Number of patients
Imaging technique
Aim
Tumor type
Results
Conclusion
AS-OCT
Shields et al., 2011
Anterior segment optical coherence tomography of conjunctival nevus—retrospective interventional case series
22 eyes of 21 patients
AS-OCT (1310 nm)
To evaluate conjunctival nevi using AS-OCT
Conjunctival nevi (22)
AS-OCT (i) All margins of the nevus, including the deep margin, could be visualized with high resolution of the anterior margin in 100% of cases, posterior margin in 82% of cases, lateral margin in 86% of cases (ii) Intrinsic cysts within the nevus were detected in 17 cases (77%)
AS-OCT (i) Provides high resolution imaging of conjunctival nevi (ii) Can demonstrate all margins (iii) Can provide information on the presence of intralesional cysts, for diagnosis (iv) Main drawback: optical shadowing of deeper structures from pigment within nevi
Welch et al., 2011
Pterygia measurements are more accurate with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (a pilot study)—study design not given
13
AS-OCT (wavelength not mentioned)
To compare standard slit-lamp beam measurements of pterygia to computer caliper measurements of AS-OCT images
Pterygia
Slit lamp versus OCT (i) Slit lamp: the mean of the differences was 0.3 and the standard deviation was 0.32 (ii) OCT: the mean of the differences was 0.1 and the standard deviation was 0.12. A two-tailed -test demonstrated a statistically significant difference in these measurements ()
AS-OCT (i) Significantly more reproducible results than the slit-lamp beam for measurements of the distance of a pterygium’s apex from the limbus (ii) May provide more accurate clinical assessment of extension of pterygia onto the cornea and may be useful for research purposes
Shousha et al., 2011
Diagnosis and management of conjunctival and corneal intraepithelial neoplasia using ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography—prospective, noncomparative, interventional case series
7
UHR-OCT (870 nm)
To report a novel diagnostic technique and a case series of CCIN diagnosed and followed up using prototype UHR-OCT
Conjunctival and corneal intraepithelial neoplasia (CCIN)
UHR-OCT (i) Thickened hyperreflective epithelium and abrupt transition from normal to hyperreflective epithelium in all 7 cases (ii) Excellent correlation with histopathologic specimens
UHR-OCT (i) Useful to diagnose and manage medically treated CCIN (ii) Could prevent the premature termination of topical treatment in the presence of subclinical disease (iii) A larger sample size is needed for further validation of its sensitivity and specificity
Kieval et al., 2012
Ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography for differentiation of ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) and pterygia—prospective case series
34 eyes of 34 patients
UHR-OCT (840 nm)
To assess the use of an UHR-OCT as an adjuvant diagnostic tool in distinguishing OSSN and pterygia
Conjunctival lesions (34) clinically suspicious for OSSN or pterygia
UHR-OCT (for differentiating between OSSN and pterygia) (i) Sensitivity 94% (ii) Specificity 100% (cut-off value of 142 μm)
UHR-OCT (for OSSN and pterygia) (i) Statistically significant difference in epithelial thickness (ii) Significant degree of morphologic correlation with the histopathologic results
Shousha et al., 2013
Diagnosis of ocular surface lesions using ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography—prospective, noncomparative, interventional case series
54
UHR-OCT (840 nm)
To assess the use of ultrahigh resolution (UHR) optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the diagnosis of ocular surface lesions
UHR-OCT (i) Close correlation with the obtained histopathologic specimens (ii) When clinical differential diagnosis of ocular surface lesions was broad, UHR-OCT images provided optical signs indicating a more specific diagnosis and management (iii) Amelanotic melanoma, conjunctival amyloidosis, primary histiocytosis and, in 1 case of OSSN, UHR-OCT was instrumental in guiding the diagnosis. In those cases, UHR-OCT suggested that the presumed clinical diagnosis was incorrect and favored a diagnosis that later was confirmed by histopathologic examination
UHR-OCT (i) Correlations between UHR-OCT and histopathologic findings confirm that UHR-OCT is an adjunctive diagnostic method that can provide a noninvasive means to help guide diagnosis and management of ocular surface lesions
Nanji et al., 2015
High resolution optical coherence tomography as an adjunctive tool in the diagnosis of corneal and conjunctival pathology—prospective case series
82
HR-OCT (830 nm)
To evaluate the use of a commercially available, high resolution, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (HR-OCT) device in the diagnosis of corneal and conjunctival pathologies, with a focus on malignant lesions
Location of lesions not mentioned: Normal eyes (10), OSSN (21), pterygium or pingueculum (24), lymphoma (3), pigmented conjunctival lesions (nevus, flat melanosis, or melanoma) (18) and Salzmann nodular degeneration (6)
HR-OCT (i) Useful in differentiating among various lesions based on optical signs (ii) OSSN: epithelial thickening and hyperreflectivity (iii) Pterygia and pinguecula: subepithelial mass under thinner epithelium (iv) Lymphoma: hyporeflective, homogenous subepithelial mass (v) Pigmented lesions: differentiation was more difficult, but certain characteristics could be identified. Eyes with nevi and melanoma displayed both intensely hyperreflective basal epithelial layers and discrete subepithelial lesions but could be differentiated by the presence of cysts in nevi and intense shadowing of sublesional tissue in most melanomas
HR-OCT (i) Useful noninvasive adjunctive tool in the diagnosis of ocular surface lesions
