Inhibition of Zymosan-Induced Inflammatory Factors Expression by ATRA Nanostructured Lipid Carriers

Figure 2

Effect of ATRA-NLC on the expression of IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ from RCFs and in RCFs. (a), (c), and (e) Serum-deprived RCFs were incubated in the absence or presence of ATRA-NLC with or without zymosan for 24 h. The IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ concentrations were examined at 24 h with a cytokine assay system. Zymosan can induce IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ release. ATRA-NLC further increased the release of IL-4 and IL-10 and decreased the release of IFN-γ. Data are the mean values ± SDs of three experiments. versus the corresponding value for cells cultured with zymosan (Dunnett T3). (b), (d), and (f) RCFs were incubated in the absence or presence of the indicated concentrations of ATRA-NLC and zymosan, after which total RNA was isolated and subjected to RT and real-time PCR analysis of IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-γ mRNAs. Incubation of the cells with ATRA-NLC and zymosan induced the expression of IL-4 and IL-10 and decreased the expression of IFN-γ in a concentration-dependent manner. Data are the mean values ± SDs of three experiments. versus the corresponding value for cells cultured with zymosan (Dunnett T3).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(e)

(f)