Complications Associated with the Use of Expandable Gases in Vitrectomy

Table 1

The incidence of raised intraocular pressure after vitrectomy with gas tamponade.

Author	Incidence of IOP elevation (%)	Definition of IOP elevation	Type of surgical intervention	Gas	Risk factors for IOP elevation
Abrams et al. [28]	45	≥30 mmHg in the early postoperative period	PPV with SF6 to reform soft eyes	SF6 20–100%	Eyes with postoperative fibrinous anterior chamber exudates, 100% gas concentration
Chang et al. [26]	58.9	>22 mmHg within the first postoperative week	PPV for complicated retinal detachment	C2F6–C3F8 in various concentrations	N/A
The Silicone Study Group [29]	8.7	≥30 mmHg at any postoperative visit	PPV in eyes with proliferative vitreoretinopathy and prior vitrectomy	C3F8 14%	N/A
The Silicone Study Group [30]	6.1	≥30 mmHg at any postoperative visit	PPV in eyes with proliferative vitreoretinopathy and prior vitrectomy	SF6 20%	N/A
Wong et al. [31]	21.7	>30 mmHg on postoperative Day-1	PPV with or without phacoemulsification cataract surgery	C3F8 16%	N/A
Wong et al. [31]	20.4	>30 mmHg on postoperative Day-1	PPV with or without phacoemulsification cataract surgery	SF6 30%	N/A
Chen and Thompson [32]	43	>25 mmHg in early postoperative period	PPV with or without scleral buckling	SF6 10–30% or C3F8 5%–35%	Increasing patient age; expansile gas concentrations; use of C3F8; circumferential scleral buckles
Chen [33]	52	>30 mmHg within 1 week after surgery	PPV for macular hole surgery	C3F8 14%	N/A
Mittra et al. [34]	52.4 (>25 mmHg) 28.6 (>30 mmHg)	Elevation 4–6 hours postoperatively	PPV	SF6 18%–20% or C3F8 12%–16%	N/A
Wong et al. [5]	0.5–1.3	N/A	Vitreoretinal surgery	N/A	N/A

Abbreviations: IOP, intraocular pressure; PPV, pars plana vitrectomy. The study by Wong et al. [5] presenting the incidence of IOP elevation in all vitreoretinal procedures is presented for comparative purposes.