Research Article
Prevalence, Causes, and Factors Associated with Visual Impairment and Blindness among Registered Pensioners in Ghana
Table 1
Background characteristics of study participants.
| | Proportion by sex | | Participant characteristics | Female n (%) | Male n (%) | All participants N (column %) |
| | All participants | 1,482 (31.0) | 3,300 (69.0) | 4,782 (100) | | Age in years | | 60–65 | 704 (50.5) | 960 (31.4) | 1,664 (37.3) | | 66–69 | 461 (33.1) | 1,056 (34.5) | 1,517 (34.0) | | 70–74 | 166 (11.9) | 627 (20.5) | 793 (17.8) | | 75–79 | 50 (3.6) | 295 (9.7) | 345 (7.7) | | ≥80 | 14 (1.0) | 123 (4.0) | 137 (3.1) | | Current marital status | | Never married | 36 (2.6) | 40 (1.3) | 76 (1.7) | | Married | 556 (40.3) | 2,679 (88.0) | 3,235 (73.1) | | Widow/widower | 511 (37.1) | 200 (6.6) | 711 (16.1) | | Divorced | 157 (11.4) | 63 (2.1) | 220 (5.0) | | Separated | 119 (8.6) | 62 (2.0) | 181 (4.1) | | Body mass index (by WHO BMI cutoff/classification) | | Underweight | 34 (2.4) | 232 (7.6) | 266 (6.0) | | Normal | 393 (28.0) | 1,743 (56.8) | 2,136 (47.8) | | Overweight | 492 (35.1) | 848 (27.6) | 1,340 (30.0) | | Obese | 483 (34.5) | 246 (8.0) | 729 (16.3) | | Highest formal educational status | | None | 70 (5.4) | 423 (15.1) | 493 (12.0) | | Primary | 517 (39.7) | 1,116 (39.9) | 1,633 (39.4) | | Secondary | 195 (15.0) | 434 (15.5) | 629 (15.4) | | Tertiary | 452 (34.7) | 724 (25.9) | 1,176 (28.7) | | Vocational | 68 (5.2) | 100 (3.6) | 168 (4.1) | | Known diabetic status | | Not a diabetic | 1,167 (86.0) | 2,745 (91.4) | 3,910 (89.7) | | Known diabetic | 190 (14.0) | 258 (8.6) | 448 (10.3) | | Known hypertension status | | Not a hypertensive | 531 (38.3) | 1,785 (58.6) | 2,316 (52.2) | | Known hypertensive | 857 (61.7) | 1,262 (41.4) | 2,119 (47.8) |
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