Abnormal Outer Choroidal Vasculature in Amblyopia

Table 1

Characteristics of the study population.

Clinical parameters		Amblyopic eyes (1)	Fellow eyes (2)	Healthy eyes (3)	P^# (1) vs (2)	P^## (1) vs (3)	P^## (2) vs (3)
N	Anisometropia	9		22	—	—	—
	Strabismus	4			—	—	—
	Meridian	1			—	—	—
Age (years)		6.8 ± 3.2		7.1 ± 2.6	—	0.80^+
Female sex portion (%)		50		64	—	0.50^++
Right eye ( (%))		5 (36)		—	—	—	—
LogMAR VA		0.16 ± 0.40	−0.11 ± 0.09	≤0	0.02	—	—
Axial length (mm)		21.74 ± 1.10	22.15 ± 1.14	22.32 ± 0.74	0.02	0.21	0.87
Choroidal vascular area (%)	Inner	56.35 ± 2.46	56.27 ± 3.75	55.73 ± 2.04	0.98	0.79	0.83
	Outer	61.49 ± 4.95	61.48 ± 3.73	55.69 ± 1.83	0.91	<0.001	<0.001
Subfoveal choroidal thickness (μm)	Total	375.4 ± 87.6	344.9 ± 94.4	351.9 ± 60.7	0.03	0.66	0.96
	Inner	94.5 ± 29.0	91.0 ± 24.5	91.9 ± 16.0	0.23	0.94	0.99
	Outer	280.9 ± 73.1	253.9 ± 82.9	260.0 ± 54.2	0.04	0.65	0.96
Foveal thickness (μm)		183.0 ± 12.8	183.3 ± 13.8	178.8 ± 5.9	0.89	0.48	0.44

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation where applicable. To measure the choroidal vascular area, one side of a 3 mm square was adjusted using Littmann’s formula. logMAR, logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution; VA, visual acuity; ^#paired t-test; ^##Tukey test; ⁺unpaired t-test; ⁺⁺chi-square test; statistically significant ().