Review Article

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Clinical Outcomes of Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Agent Treatment Immediately after Cataract Surgery for Patients with Diabetic Retinopathy

Table 1

Characteristics of studies of intravitreal anti-VEGF agent treatment after cataract surgery versus cataract surgery alone included in the meta-analysis.

TrialsLocationDesign of trialDuration (m)Original patients (eyes)DropoutsMean age ± SD (range) (M/F)System baselinesOcular baselines

Salehi et al. [11]IranProspective, randomized controlled trial6(1): 27 (27)
(2): 30 (30)
(1): 0 (0)
(2): 0 (0)
(1): 61.5 ± 12.7 (14/13)
(2): 62.3 ± 14 (17/13)
NS: DM type and duration, hypertension durationNS: BCVA, MT
Fard et al. [12]IranProspective, randomized controlled trial6(1): 31 (31)
(2): 32 (32)
(1): 0 (0)
(2): 2 (2)
(1): 64 ± 4 (13/18)
(2): 62 ± 5 (15/15)
NS: DM type and duration, coronary artery disease percentage, HbA1c level, hypertension durationNS: BCVA, MT
Takamura et al. [13]JapanProspective, randomized, masked cohort study.3(1): 21 (21)
(2): 21 (21)
(1): 0 (0)
(2): 0 (0)
(1): 67.3 ± 5.2 (9/12)
(2): 69.1 ± 5.9 (10/11)
NS: DM duration, HbA1c levelNS: cataract severity (LOCS), BCVA, RT
Lanzagorta-Aresti et al. [14]SpainProspective, randomized pilot study6(1): 13 (13)
(2): 13 (13)
(1): 0 (0)
(2): 0 (0)
NS: age and sex.NRNS: BCVA, MT
Cheema et al. [15]Kingdom of Saudi ArabiaProspective, randomized controlled trial6(1): 35 (35)
(2): 33 (33)
(1): 0 (0)
(2): 0 (0)
(1): 66.14 (22/13)
(2): 64.5 (21/12)
NS: DM type and duration, hypertension durationNS: retinopathy and maculopathy type, BCVA, MT
Chae et al. [16]KoreaProspective randomized study6(1): 40 (40)
(2): 40 (40)
(1): 1 (1)
(2): 3 (3)
(1): 62.9 (21/18)
(2): 67.2 (20/17)
NS: DM typeNS: BCVA, CST, TMV, PRP history
Lin et al. [17]ChinaProspective, randomized controlled trial6(1): 23 (23)
(2): 23 (23)
(1): 0 (0)
(2): 0 (0)
(1): 64.6 (8/15)
(2): 65.5 (10/13)
NRNS: BCVA, MT
Lu et al. [18]ChinaNonrandomized comparative study6(1): 17 (19)
(2): 18 (19)
(1): 0 (0)
(2): 0 (0)
(1): 59.59
(2): 57.56
NRNS: BCVA, MT, IOP
Cheng et al. [19]ChinaNonrandomized comparative study6(1): 43 (64)
(2): 43 (63)
(1): 0 (0)
(2): 0 (0)
(1): 43.3 (20/23)
(2): 42.7 (19/24)
NRNS: BCVA, MT
Li [20]ChinaProspective, randomized controlled trial6(1): 20 (24)
(2): 18 (19)
(1): 0 (0)
(2): 0 (0)
(1): 59.6
(2): 59.1
NS: DM typeNS: BCVA, MT, IOP
Chen et al. [21]TaiwanRetrospective comparative study3(1): 14 (15)
(2): 14 (14)
(1): 0 (0)
(2): 0 (0)
(1): 66 (6/8)
(2): 65 (7/7)
NS: age, sex, eye lateralityNS: BCVA, MT
Udaondo et al. [22]SpainProspective, randomized controlled trial3(1): 27 (27)
(2): 27 (27)
(1): 0 (0)
(2): 0 (0)
(1): 68.9 ± 4.7 (10/17)
(2): 72.8 ± 5.2 (9/18)
NS: age, sexNS: MT

VEGF = vascular endothelial growth factor; (1) = intravitreal anti-VEGF agent treatment after cataract surgery group; (2) = cataract surgery alone group; SD = standard deviations; m = month; M = male; F = female; DM = diabetes mellitus; HbA1C = glycosylated hemoglobin A1C; BCVA = best-corrected visual acuity; MT = macular thickness; NS = not significant; NR = not reported; LOCS = the Lens Opacities Classification System III.