|
| Year | Author (citation) | Animal model | Implant
material | Procedure | Main
findings | Problems |
|
1989 [11]
1992 [14] | Nishi | Rabbit, pig, and
monkey | Silicone,
balloon,
balloon filled with silicone polymer | Endocapsular balloon | No leakage, little accommodation in rabbit eyes (1D), 6.0D of accommodation in a single primate eye | Undersized balloons result in residual hyperopia and progressive decrease in accommodation amplitude with fibrosis |
1992 [30]
1994 [31]
1995 [32] | Hettlich | Rabbit and pig | Acrylate
copolymer | Two 1.2 mm capsulotomies, endocapsular polymerization with ultraviolet light | No leakage, no obvious inflammation, secondary opacification appeared less especially in completely refilling | Iris irritation, capsule refilled incompletely leading obvious secondary capsule opacification |
| 1996 [48] | Sakka | Monkey | Balloon filled with an organosilicone mixture | Endocapsular silicone balloon | 6.74D of average maximal myopia change | Secondary capsular opacification |
| 1996 [38] | Hettlich | Pig | Balloon filled with 2% methylcellulose or silicone oil | Ellipsoid balloons made of polydimethylsiloxane; enlarge the tunnel incision to 4.5 mm; leave capsule complete | Not mentioned | Complicated surgical procedures |
1997 [12]
1998 [13]
1998 [16] | Nishi | Pig
monkey
rabbit | Silicone mixture that polymerized in vivo in 2 hours | Plug for sealing 1.5 mm rhexis, attempt different levels filling | No leakage, moderate filling accept most accommodation | Rapidly developing secondary capsular opacification |
2003 [33]
2005 [34] | Han | Rabbit | 25% poloxamer hydrogel | Plug for sealing 1.5–2.0 mm CCC, 2.5 mm clear corneal incision at 12 : 00, a larger side port at 3 : 00 | No apparent ocular inflammation or posterior capsule opacification | Low refractive index, no postoperative accommodation results in primates |
| 2005 [39] | Aliyar | Pig | Acrylamide hydrogels containing disulfide bonds by free radical polymerization in aqueous ethanol | Not mentioned | The moduli ranged from 0.27 to 1.1 kPa
No leakage, no heat release, and no toxicity | Lack of in vivo experiment, lack of accommodation measurement |
2003 [19]
2006 [42]
2011 [49] | Koopmans | Monkey | Silicone polymer | 2.7 mm plug for sealing 1–2.0 mm CCC, surgically treated: cycloheximide and/or actinomycin D injected in capsular bag for 5 min | 6.3D accommodative amplitude after surgical treatment; capsular opacification reduced the accommodation, a safe application of actinomycin D | Secondary capsular opacification cannot be completely prevented by actinomycin D |
2004 [20]
2007 [21] | Koopmans | Pig | A two-component
silicone polymer | Plug for sealing 1–2.0 mm CCC, measure the thickness, the focal length, and the spherical aberration after the initial lens refilling | Increased lens filling volume associated with decreased accommodative amplitude (0.04 ml/D, 0.54 mm/D), the positive SA changed to negative after refilling | Lack of in vivo experiment |
2008 [17]
2014 [18] | Nishi | Rabbit. pig, and monkey | Silicone polymer | Foldable silicone optic for sealing 5.0 mm rhexis, sharp-edged IOL implanted before posterior capsule, +/- optic for posterior rhexis | Prevention of central ACO and PCO with posterior optic, around 2.5D of accommodation obtained independent of filling degrees of the capsular bag | Inflammation |
2010 [36]
2012 [37] | Hao | Rabbit
fresh
cadaver | Functionalized siloxane macromonomer | 1.3 mm peripheral capsule hole with diathermy, 20G cannula | Over 60% accommodation in rabbit eyes, more than 100% accommodation in fresh cadaver eyes | Secondary capsular opacification started at 7 days after surgery and strong lens regeneration occurred at about 6 weeks |
| 2014 [40] | Lee | Rabbit | 4-armed PPO/PEO-phenol | Synthesized by horseradish peroxidase | Refraction after lens refilling indicating the maintenance of accommodation amplitude | Lack of further studies in primates |
|
