Research Article

Comparing School-Aged Refraction Measurements Using the 2WIN-S Portable Refractor in Relation to Cycloplegic Retinoscopy: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 1

Comparison of measurements between cycloplegic retinoscopy and 2WIN-S.

Cycloplegic retinoscopy2WIN-S value (paired t-test)95% CI
Mean (SD)MinMaxMean (SD)MinMaxΔLowerUpper

Spherical (D)−1.23 (1.78)−5.757.00−1.62 (1.37)−5.502.75−0.39<0.01−0.52−0.27
Cylindrical (D)−0.30 (0.67)−3.253.00−0.42 (0.68)−3.503.00−0.12<0.01−0.16−0.07
Spherical equivalent (D)−1.38 (1.90)−6.007.25−1.83 (1.48)−6.003.25−0.45<0.01−0.60−0.33
J0 (D)0.17 (0.32)−0.471.600.14 (0.35)−1.49-1.73−0.30<0.01−0.770.02
J45 (D)−0.01 (0.11)−0.500.40−0.01 (0.11)−0.440.570.01<0.01−0.020.01

value <0.05; CI, confidence interval; SD, standard deviation; Min, minimum; Max, maximum; D, diopter; J0, (cylinder/2) cos (2 axis); J45, (cylinder/2) sin (2 axis). ΔComparison between cycloplegic retinoscopy and 2Win-S (2WIN-S reading minus cycloplegic retinoscopy reading).