Ocular Signs and Ocular Comorbidities in Monoclonal Gammopathy: Analysis of 80 Subjects
Table 3
Ophthalmological findings in control subjects (86 eyes) and in patients with monoclonal gammopathy (MG) (160 eyes, except for ocular surface disease, as OSDI questionnaire has only been filled through 42 subjects).
Ophthalmic diagnosis
Control (n = 86)
MG (n = 160)
values
Ocular surface disease (OSDI)
32 (37.21%) (n = 86)
56 (66.67%) (n = 84)
0.0001
Meibomian gland dysfunction
10 (11.63%)
30 (18.75%)
0.20
Chronic blepharitis
16 (18.60%)
16 (10.00%)
0.08
Corneal scars and degenerations
5 (5.81%)
21 (13.13%)
0.07
Corneal immunglobulin deposition
0
6 (3.75%)
—
Fuchs dystrophy
2 (2.33%)
8 (5.00%)
0.50
Glaucoma
4 (4.65%)
12 (7.50%)
0.55
Previous cataract surgery
12 (13.95%)
20 (12.50%)
0.90
Cataract
17 (19.76%)
86 (53.75%)
0.0001
Posterior cortical cataract
3 (3.49%)
21 (13.13%)
0.01
Epiretinal membrane
2 (2.33%)
10 (6.25%)
0.29
Age-related macular degeneration
0
12 (7.50%)
—
Macular or retinal drusen
16 (18.60%)
18 (11.25%)
0.16
Macular hole
0
1 (0.63%)
—
Diabetic retinopathy
4 (4.65%)
4 (2.50%)
0.59
Peripheral retinal degeneration
4 (4.65%)
7 (4.38%)
0.82
Central retinal artery occlusion
0
1 (0.63%)
—
Branch retinal vein occlusion
0
1 (0.63%)
—
Choroideal naevus
0
1 (0.63%)
—
Retinal scar after chorioretinitis
0
1 (0.63%)
—
Ambyopia
1 (1.16%)
3 (1.88%)
0.93
Without ophthalmic disease
14 (16.28%)
22 (13.75%)
0.72
Total
86 (100%)
160 (100%)
—
values refer to results of χ2 test with Yates correction (comparison between both groups). Significant values are in bold. With “0” value, χ2 test could not be calculated. OSDI: Ocular Surface Disease Index.
