Journal of Ophthalmology
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Acceptance rate10%
Submission to final decision129 days
Acceptance to publication18 days
CiteScore3.400
Journal Citation Indicator0.630
Impact Factor1.9

Efficacy and Predictive Factors of Oral Spironolactone Treatment in Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy

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Journal of Ophthalmology publishes original research articles and review articles related to the anatomy, physiology and diseases of the eye.

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Chief Editor, Professor Steven Abcouwer, is a Research Professor in Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences at the University of Michigan, USA. His research is aimed at understanding the various mechanisms/processes that contribute to the development of diabetic retinopathy.

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We currently have a number of Special Issues open for submission. Special Issues highlight emerging areas of research within a field, or provide a venue for a deeper investigation into an existing research area.

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Research Article

Correlations between Steady-State Pattern Electroretinogram and Humphrey Visual Field Analyzer Global Indices and Their Associations with Retinal Ganglion Cell Layer-Inner Plexiform Layer Thickness in Glaucoma Suspects

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of steady state pattern electroretinogram (ss-PERG) in detecting retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dysfunction in glaucoma suspects (GS) who had normal 24-2 Humphrey Visual Fields (HFA). Materials and Methods. This was a prospective cohort study of GS patients who were identified based on optic disc appearance with normal HFAs. Patients received a complete eye examination, standard automated perimetry (SAP), optical coherence tomography (OCT), and ss-PERG measurements. The ss-PERG parameters, Magnitude (Mag), Magnitude D (MagD), and MagD/Mag ratio, were examined, along with their relationships between HFA and OCT measurements. Results. Twenty-five patients were included in this study, with a total of 49 eyes. Fifteen eyes had abnormal ss-PERG parameters and when compared to GS eyes with normal ss-PERG parameters, there were significant differences in HFA 24-2, retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, and ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer (GCL + IPL) thickness. All ss-PERG parameters were significantly correlated with 24-2 VF mean deviation (MD) and visual field index (VFI), as well as 10-2 VF MD after controlling for age, sex, intraocular pressure, central corneal thickness, and spherical equivalent. When controlled for age, spherical equivalent, and IOP, MagD/Mag ratio significantly contributed to the variance in average GCL + IPL thicknesses, whereas 24-2 VF MD and 10-2 VF MD did not. MagD/Mag ratio also significantly accounted for variance in all macular GCL + IPL sectors, while 10-2 VF MD did not. Conclusions. ss-PERG has significant correlations with HFA global indices and was predictive of GCL + IPL thickness in GS patients. Clinical Significance. ss-PERG may serve as a useful functional tool for detecting and measuring RGC dysfunction in GS. It appears to be more sensitive than HFA in the detection of early changes in GCL + IPL thicknesses and may be helpful to use in conjunction with current diagnostic studies to improve the ability of monitoring GS progression.

Research Article

Microsurgical Vitrectomy with Pars Plana Incision for the Removal of Posterior Segment Intraocular Foreign Bodies

This study describes a pars plana incision surgical technique combined with 23 or 25-gauge vitrectomy in the management of intraocular foreign bodies (IOFBs) and to assess its anatomical and functional results. Sixteen patients with ocular trauma complicated with IOFB were enrolled in our study. The mean preoperative visual acuity was 2.01 ± 0.55 LogMAR, and the mean postoperative visual acuity at the final visit was improved to 0.91 ± 0.58 LogMAR (). Until the last follow-up, all IOFBs were successfully removed and anatomic success was obtained. Complications, such as endophthalmitis, silicone oil-dependent, and ocular hypotonia, were not observed. Microsurgical vitrectomy with modified pars plana incision is a safe and effective procedure in the treatment of retained IOFB, especially associated with transparent lens and posterior segment injury.

Research Article

Mutational Profile and Retinal Phenotypes of PCARE-Related Cone-Rod Dystrophies in a Mexican Cohort

Purpose. The aim of the study is to describe the genotype and phenotype of a Mexican cohort with PCARE-related retinal disease. Methods. The study included 14 patients from 11 unrelated pedigrees with retinal dystrophies who were demonstrated to carry biallelic pathogenic variants in PCARE. Visual assessment methods included best corrected visual acuity, color fundus photography, Goldmann visual field test, kinetic perimetry, dark/light adapted chromatic perimetry, full-field electroretinography, autofluorescence imaging, and spectral domain-optical coherence tomography imaging. Genetic screening was performed either by gene panel sequencing or by exome sequencing. Results. According to the results of multimodal imaging and functional tests, all 14 patients were diagnosed with cone-rod dystrophy. Six different PCARE pathogenic alleles were identified in our cohort, including three novel mutations: c.3048_3049del (p.Tyr1016), c.3314_3315del (p.Ser1105), and c.551A > G (p.His184Arg). Notably, alleles p.His184Arg, p.Arg613, and p.Arg984 were present in 18 of the 22 (82%) PCARE alleles from probands in our cohort. Conclusion. Our work expands the PCARE mutational profile by identifying three novel pathogenic variants causing retinal dystrophy. While phenotypic variations occurred among patients, a cone-rod dystrophy pattern was observed in all affected individuals.

Research Article

Advanced Periocular Basal Cell Carcinoma with Orbital Invasion: Update on Management and Treatment Advances

Purpose. Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most frequent malignant periocular tumor. It is associated with exposure to ultraviolet radiation, and its incidence is gradually increasing. It may occasionally display more aggressive behavior and result in orbital or intracranial invasion. Mortality from periocular BBC with orbital invasion is very low, but the associated morbidity can be significant, from disfigurement to blindness. Traditionally, these cases have been treated with orbital exenteration or with radiotherapy (RT), but in recent years, hedgehog pathway inhibitors (HPIs) have emerged, are effective in more serious cases, and are used primarily or combined with surgery, changing our perspective on the management of these patients. Methods. We studied 24 cases of periocular BCC with orbital invasion, some primary and others recurrent, which were treated between 2011 and 2021 in the same hospital. All patients had clinical or radiological evidence of orbital invasion. Orbital exenteration was performed on 9/24 of the patients (1 received vismodegib after surgery), and 12/24 were treated, surgically preserving the eyeball, with 3 of them receiving adjuvant vismodegib. Three of the twenty-four patients were treated exclusively with vismodegib (Erivedge®, Genentech). Results. One patient died due to poor tumor evolution, but the rest evolved favorably and they have had no recurrences. Vismodegib was generally well tolerated, except for in one patient who discontinued treatment due to the side effects. Conclusions. In advanced BBC with orbital invasion, mutilating surgical treatments such as exenteration or potentially vision-threatening treatments such as RT remain as options. In recent years, however, very promising new medical therapies have emerged, such as HPI, which can be used effectively instead of surgery or in combination with it, preserving the eye and vision, which implies a new approach to treatment.

Research Article

Association between Axial Length to Corneal Curvature Radius Ratio and Myopia in Adult Patients

Purpose. To analyze the distribution characteristics of axial length to corneal curvature radius ratio (AL/CR) and other ocular biometric parameters in adult myopia patients and their association with myopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients with no eye diseases except ametropia who attended the optometry clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical College from January 2022 to June 2022. In total, 187 eyes (right eye) of 187 myopic patients aged 18–35 years were selected by random sampling. Based on the results of spherical equivalent (SE, (D)) obtained by postdilation optometry, all subjects were divided into three groups: mild myopia (≤−0.50D and >−3.00D, 42 eyes), moderate myopia (≤−3.00D and >−6.00D, 80 eyes), and high myopia (≤−6.00D, 65 eyes). The axial length (AL), corneal curvature radius (CR), and AL/CR were measured and compared between the three groups. The association between AL and AL/CR of the eye and SE was analyzed by multiple linear regression. Also, the predictive ability of AL/CR for high myopia was investigated by ROC curve. Results. There were no statistically significant differences in age, gender, or intraocular pressure between the three groups. The mean values of AL/CR in mild, moderate, and high myopia groups were 3.17 ± 0.06, 3.31 ± 0.08, and 3.43 ± 0.10, respectively, and the difference between the groups was statistically significant ). Linear regression analysis showed that both AL and AL/CR were strongly negatively correlated with SE (), while CR had a weak positive correlation with SE without statistically significant differences (). The adjusted linear regression equation shows that for every 0.1 unit increase in AL/CR, SE increases by 1.54 D. Compared with 0.830 (95% confidence interval: 0.769 to 0.900) for AL, the area under ROC curve of AL/CR was 0.896 (95% confidence interval: 0.851 to 0.941), indicating that the diagnostic value of AL/CR for high myopia was higher than that of AL (). When the Youden index reached its maximum (0.626), the AL/CR cutoff point was 3.309, and the sensitivity and specificity were 0.954 and 0.672, respectively. Conclusion. This study showed that AL and AL/CR in adult myopia patients were significantly negatively correlated with SE, and the corralation between AL/CR and SE is greater than that between AL and SE. Therefore, AL/CR can be used to analyze the dynamic changes of SE in the development of adult myopia independently of optometry on a certain basis, and it is especially suitable for the diagnosis of high myopia in adults. This trial is registered with ChiCTR2300069070.

Research Article

Longitudinal Rates of Change in Structural Parameters of Optical Coherence Tomography in Primary Angle Closure Glaucoma following Laser Iridotomy along with Peripheral Iridoplasty

Background. This study aimed to investigate longitudinal rates of change (LRCs) of structural parameters from optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG) after laser iridotomy (LI) along with laser peripheral iridoplasty (PI). Methods. Among 146 patients diagnosed with PACG, thirty-two subjects (32 eyes) who underwent LI plus PI and accomplished more than five times of reliable OCT tests were included in the current retrospective study. Retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and Bruch’s membrane opening-minimum rim width (BMO-MRW) were measured by spectral-domain OCT with three month interval. LRCs of global and six Garway-Heath sectors were investigated using the linear mixed-effects model which adjusted BMO area, sex, and age. Imaging of dual Scheimpflug analyzer was performed before and at 1 week after LI with PI and yearly thereafter. Results. The mean follow-up period was 32.28 ± 13.34 months with a mean number of 10.18 ± 3.33 OCT images. Baseline characteristics are as follows: age, 63 ± 7.9 years; female, 62.5%; intraocular pressure(IOP), 15.48 ± 4.79 mmHg; anterior chamber depth, 2.09 ± 0.18 mm; and mean deviation, −7.97 ± 8.48 dB. Global LRC of BMO-MRW was 0.86 ± 1.34 μm/yr and RNFL was −0.64 ± 0.22 μm/yr. IOP decreased significantly to 13.06 ± 2.21 mmHg () while anterior chamber volume () and mean anterior chamber angle () increased significantly after LI along with PI compared to the baseline at the final visit. Conclusions. LRC of a new parameter, BMO-MRW, and LRC of RNFL were relatively low in patients with PACG, following LI along with PI. After widening of the anterior chamber angle and decrease of IOP due to LI plus PI, PACG might show stable structural prognosis assessed by OCT.

Journal of Ophthalmology
 Journal metrics
See full report
Acceptance rate10%
Submission to final decision129 days
Acceptance to publication18 days
CiteScore3.400
Journal Citation Indicator0.630
Impact Factor1.9
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