Black Tea May Be a Prospective Adjunct for Calcium Supplementation to Prevent Early Menopausal Bone Loss in a Rat Model of Osteoporosis

Table 4

Body weight, bone density, bone ash content of minerals (calcium and phosphate), and bone breaking force of the sham-operated control group (Group A), bilaterally ovariectomized group (Group B), ovariectomized + BTE-supplemented group (Group C), and ovariectomized + estradiol-treated group (Group D) of rats.

	Sham-control; (Group A)	Ovariectomized; (Group B)	Ovariectomized + BTE; (Group C)	Ovariectomized + estradiol; (Group D)	Significance; level*	Significance level**
						Gr. A versus Gr. B	Gr. B versus Gr. C	Gr. B versus Gr. D	Gr. C versus Gr. D
Initial body weight (g)	145.67±3.88	146.33±3.72	145.17±2.92	145.33±3.08	NS	NS	NS	NS	NS
Final body weight (g)	149.83±3.54	179.17±6.34	151.17±2.40	147.33±3.72	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	NS
Bone density (g/cm^3)
Femur	1.3±0.02	1.2±0.02	1.33±0.02	1.38±0.05	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	NS
Thoracic rib	1.6±0.04	1.33±0.02	1.59±0.04	1.61±0.07	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	NS
Thoracic vertebra	1.34±0.04	1.17±0.05	1.3±0.01	1.41±0.03	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.05	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01
Lumbar vertebra	1.26±0.01	1.16±0.02	1.27±0.02	1.33±0.03	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	NS
Bone calcium (% of ash weight)
Femur	21.98±0.64	13.81±0.97	19.95±0.76	20.43±1.24	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	NS
Thoracic rib	35.49±1.57	24.86±0.31	31.60±1.32	33.49±1.04	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	NS
Thoracic vertebra	22.95±0.27	11.95±0.64	21.11±0.34	32.76±0.69	𝑃<0.001	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01
Lumbar vertebra	27.01±1.26	18.37±0.37	26.57±1.36	30.83±0.92	𝑃<0.001	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.05
Bone phosphate (% of ash weight)
Femur	19.57±0.28	13.29±0.81	16.14±0.28	16.30±0.19	𝑃<0.001	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	NS
Thoracic rib	22.03±0.39	18.56±0.49	21.67±0.19	22.36±0.28	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	NS
Thoracic vertebra	22.02±0.62	17.22±0.51	21.37±0.25	22.61±0.30	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	NS
Lumbar vertebra	21.02 ± 0.48	16.21±0.20	21.34±0.75	22.16±0.27	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	NS
Bone breaking force (N)	54.76±2.95	36.78±2.76	49.85±1.51	59.33±2.72	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.01	𝑃<0.05

All values are expressed as mean ± SE except for body weight (mean ± SD) (𝑛=6). *denotes significance level based on the Kruskal-Wallis nonparametric ANOVA test and **denotes significance level based on the Mann-Whitney 𝑈 multiple-comparison test. NS denotes not significant.