Kinematic Analysis of Gait in the Second and Third Trimesters of Pregnancy

Table 3

Joint kinematic peak values (mean) of gait in the frontal plane, during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy (𝑁=22) and nulliparous controls (𝑁=12). Units (mean ± sd) are in degrees.

Joint	Side	Peak	Second trimester	Third trimester	Nonpregnant
Hip	Right	1st	11.681 ± 3.705	10.282 ± 3.346	14.805 ± 3.808
		2nd	−7.774±4.454	−8.946±3.966	−9.142±2.998
	Left	1st	9.553±4.031	11.086±2.687	14.403±3.183
		2nd	−9.821±4.195	−7.920±3.534	−9.768±5.746
Ankle	Right	1st	−5.117±3.646	−5.479±6.513	−3.825±2.401
		2nd	8.220±5.194	8.020±7.902	11.465±4.102
		3rd	−0.177±4.074	−0.532±6.053	0.661±3.896
		4th	4.455±4.198	3.927±4.973	5.089±2.982
	Left	1st	−4.662±2.317	−5.253±2.202	−4.367±2.040
		2nd	9.271±5.613	8.808±4.445	11.214±3.089
		3rd	0.298±3.894	0.276±3.205	1.350±3.711
		4th	4.594±2.869	4.183±3.597	6.525±3.369

Bold: significant differences with 𝑃<0.05.