Frequency, Risk Factors, and Adverse Fetomaternal Outcomes of Placenta Previa in Northern Tanzania
Table 2
Logistic regression of risk factors for placenta previa in Northern Tanzania (,686).
Risk factors
Total
Placenta previa
cOR (95% CI)
aOR (95% CI)
Maternal age (years)
<20
6356
13 (0.2)
0.95 (0.53–1.72)
1.37 (0.77–2.45)
20–34
34511
74 (0.2)
1.0
1.0
≥35
6772
24 (0.4)
1.66 (1.04–2.63)
0.56 (0.35–0.89)
Gynecological diseases
Yes
1844
22 (1.2)
0.3 (0.19–0.67)
2.44 (1.5–3.97)
No
45842
248 (0.5)
1.0
1.0
Alcohol during pregnancy
Yes
13736
104 (38.7)
1.56 (1.21–1.99)
1.61 (1.17–2.21)
No
33814
165 (61.3)
1.0
1.0
Family planning
Yes
29734
194 (72.4)
1.57 (1.18–2.05)
0.78 (0.46–1.31)
No
17711
74 (27.6)
1.0
1.0
History of previous scar
Yes
2054
7 (2.6)
0.59 (0.28–1.25)
0.72 (0.30–1.72)
No
45632
263 (97.4)
1.0
1.0
Malpresentation
Yes
657
12 (4.5)
3.38 (1.89–6.07)
4.28 (2.26–8.10)
No
46803
256 (95.5)
1.0
1.0
Number of ANC visits
≥4
20009
67 (26.3)
0.48 (0.36–0.63)
0.45 (0.32–0.64)
<4
26762
188 (73.7)
1.0
1.0
Parity
0
13071
39 (0.3)
1.0
1.0
1–4
18916
107 (0.6)
1.97 (1.37–2.85)
1.42 (0.48–4.16)
≥5
1060
27 (3.0)
9.91 (6.04–16.27)
3.46 (1.01–11.86)
Gravidity
1
12118
35 (0.3)
1.0
1.0
2–4
17751
88 (0.5)
1.77 (1.2–2.62)
1.93 (0.66–5.63)
≥5
3178
50 (1.8)
6.05 (3.92–9.34)
4.85 (1.49–15.75)
Previous CS
Yes
6958
32 (0.5)
0.84 (0.57–1.23)
0.65 (0.42–1.01)
No
26089
141 (0.6)
1.0
1.0
cOR = crude odds ratio, CS = Caesarian section, ANC = antenatal care, and aOR = adjusted odds ratio: adjusted for maternal age, gynecological diseases, alcohol during pregnancy, family planning, history of previous scar, malpresentation, number of ANC visits, parity, gravidity, and previous CS.
