Yersinia enterocolitica: Epidemiological Studies and Outbreaks

Table 2

Detection of pathogenic Y. enterocolitica in pork products by culture methods (partially adapted from Fredriksson-and Korkeala [11]).

Sample	No. of; samples	No. of samples positive for				Country of; origin of sample	Reference
		O:3	O:5,27	O:8	O:9
Tongue	302	165			3	Belgium	Wauters [37]
	37	11				Canada	Schiemann [38]
	31	2		6		USA	Doyle et al. [39]
	47	26				Norway	Nesbakken [40]
	50	20				Japan	Shiozawa et al. [41]
	125	8				Spain	Ferrer et al. [42]
	29	28				Belgium	Wauters et al. [43]
	40	6			2	The Netherlands	de Boer and Nouws [44]
	55	14				Germany	Karib and Seeger [45]
	86	2				Italy	de Guisti et al. [46]
	99	79				Finland	Fredriksson-Ahomaa et al. [47]
	20	15				Germany	Fredriksson-Ahomaa et al. [48]
Tonsil	89	81			8	Belgium	Martínez et al. [24]
	137	136	1			Italy	Martínez et al. [24]
	185	185				Spain	Martínez et al. [24]
	212	69	6		1	Switzerland	Fredriksson-Ahomaa et al. [26]
Offal^a	34	17				Finland	Fredriksson-Ahomaa et al. [36]
	16	5				Finland	Fredriksson-Ahomaa et al. [47]
	100	46				Germany	Fredriksson-Ahomaa et al. [48]
Pork^b	91	1		1		Canada	Schiemann [38]
	127	1				Norway	Nesbakken et al. [49]
	70	22			3	Japan	Shiozawa et al. [41]
	267	6				Denmark	Christensen [50]
	50	12				Belgium	Wauters et al. [43]
	400	3			1	The Netherlands	de Boer and Nouws [44]
	45	8				Norway	Nesbakken et al. [51]
	67	1	8^c	3		China	Tsai and Chen [52]
	48	1			1	Germany	Karib and Seeger [45]
	40	2	4		1	Ireland	Logue et al. [53]
	1278	64	14			Japan	Fukushima et al. [54]
	255	4				Finland	Fredriksson-Ahomaa et al. [55]
	300	6				Norway	Johannessen et al. [30]
	120	14				Germany	Fredriksson-Ahomaa et al. [36]
	60				20	Norway	Grahek-Ogden et al. [32]

^aOffal, excluding tongue, ^bother pork products, excluding offal, ^cisolates belonging to serotype O:5 and showing autoagglutination activity and calcium-dependent growth.