Yersinia enterocolitica: Mode of Transmission, Molecular Insights of Virulence, and Pathogenesis of Infection

Table 3

Virulence-associated genes in Y. enterocolitica.

Genes	Gene product/function	Reference
Inv^C,tr	Invasin (an outer membrane protein that is required for efficient translocation of bacteria across the intestinal epithelium)	[35]
ail^C,tr	Adhesin (outer membrane protein that may contribute to adhesion, invasion, and resistance to complement-mediated lysis)	[36]
virF^P,tr	Transcriptional activator	[36]
myfA^C	Mucoid Yersinia factor (fimbrial antigen and putative adhesin)	[37]
ystA^C,tr	Enterotoxin (Yersinia stable heat-stable toxin that may contribute to the pathogenesis of diarrhea)	[38]
ystB^C	Enterotoxin (Yersinia stable heat-stable toxin that may contribute to the pathogenesis of diarrhea)	[38]
ystC^C	Enterotoxin (Yersinia stable heat-stable toxin that may contribute to the pathogenesis of diarrhea)	[39]
fepA	Enterochelin receptor protein	[40]
fedD	Enterochelin receptor protein	[40]
Fes	Enterochelin esterase	[40]
tccC^P	Insecticidal toxin-like protease	[35]
ymoA	Yersinia modulator	[41]
hreP	Subtilisin/kexin-like protease (host responsive element)	[35]
Sat	Streptogramin acetyltranferase	[35]
yadA^P,tr	Yersinia adhesin A	[42]
ysa^P	Yesinia secretion apparatus	[42]

^CChromosome borne gene, ^Pplasmid-borne gene, ^trtraditional virulence gene.