In Vitro and In Vivo Antimalarial Activity of Ficus thonningii Blume (Moraceae) and Lophira alata Banks (Ochnaceae), Identified from the Ethnomedicine of the Nigerian Middle Belt

Table 1

In vitro antiplasmodial and cytotoxicity of extracts of F. thonningii and L. alata against P. falciparum NF54 and K1 clones and cytotoxicity against KB cells.

Plants species	Extract	P. falciparum NF54 (IC50) 𝜇g/mL	P. falciparum K1 (IC50) 𝜇g/mL	KB cells (IC50)  𝜇g/mL	Selectivity index (SI)
F. thonningii	MeOH	5.3±2.3	21.1±2.3	>20	>3.8
	Hexane	2.7±1.6	10.4±1.6	>20	>7.4
	Eto Ac	5.3±3.1	15.3±2.7	>20	>3.8
L. alata	MeOH	11.3±3.6	5.3±3.6	>20	>1.7
	Hexane	2.5±0.3	2.5±2.1	>20	>8.0
	Eto Ac	9.7±2.7	59.4±1.4	>20	>2.0
Chloroquine		0.003±0.001	0.12±0.036
Artemisinin		0.0009±0.0004	0.001±0.0007
Ellipticine				0.38±0.41

The IC₅₀ values are expressed as mean ± SD of three different determinations per experiment of two independent experiments for antiplasmodial assays and cytotoxicity assays; SI: selectivity index = IC₅₀(KB)/IC₅₀(NF54); Eto Ac: ethyl acetate.