Research Article

Field Results of a Navigation Architecture with Timing Constraints

Figure 3

Robot used during the experiments and snapshot illustrating part of the ceiling of the environment where artificial landmarks are placed (captured by the camera oriented upwards).
(a) Pioneer 3-DX and hardware used to control the robot: camera, laptop, and laser
(b) Landmarks placed in the ceiling of the environment. Yellow rectangles identify landmarks detected by the robot’s visual system