Tetrodotoxin Detection by a Surface Plasmon Resonance Sensor in Pufferfish Matrices and Urine

Table 1

Results of TTX in ten fish tissue extract samples measured by an SPR biosensor assay compared with LC/ESI/MRM/MS data.

Source	Sample dilution	SPR; (μg/mL extract)	Extraction dilution	SPR; (μg/100 g sample)	LC/ESI/MRM/MS; (μg/100 g sample)
Cooked Fish Flesh 1	10%	1.6±0.4	2.01	322±80	374
	1%	1.2±0.4		241±80
Cooked Fish Flesh 2	10%	2.5±1.2	1.95	488±234	655
	1%	1.8±0.3		351±59
Soup Broth	10%	1.2±0.4	1.97	236±79	361
	1%	0.8±0.2		158±39
Raw Puffer 1	10%	<LOD	1.89	ND	10
Raw Puffer 2	10%	2.4±0.6	1.89	454±113	214
	1%	1.8±0.4		340±76
Raw Puffer 3	10%*	4.5±0.9	1.86	837±167	876
	1%	4.4±1.4		818±260
Raw Puffer 4	10%*	4.2±0.3	2.01	844±60	961
	1%	3.8±0.5		764±101
Raw Puffer 5	10%	<LOD	2.02	<LOD	10
Monkfish 1	10%	<LOD	1.78	<LOD	ND
Monkfish 2	10%	<LOD	1.98	<LOD	ND

*Below IC₈₀, above IC₉₀, <LOD: below limit of detection, ND: not detected.