A Study on High Secure and Efficient MANET Routing Scheme

Table 4

The efficiency comparison for each scheme.

Phase	Boukerche et al. [31]	PD-ZAP	G-ZAP	RR-ZAP	Ours
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4	None	None	None	None
Total cost

: one-time asymmetric encrypting/decrypting operation.
: one-time symmetric encrypting/decrypting operation.
: one-time one-way hash function operation.
: one-time exclusive-OR operation.