Research Article
Fault Line Selection Method of Small Current to Ground System Based on Atomic Sparse Decomposition and Extreme Learning Machine
Table 12
Fault voting result with strong noise.
| (a) Fault voting result of overhead line |
| | Fault location/km | Transition resistance/ | Feeder line style | Atom 1 | Atom 2 | Atom 3 | Atom 4 | Voting results | Fault line selection results |
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5 |
5 | Overhead line | 0.9384 × (−1) | 0.7986 × (−1) | 0.8217 × (−1) | 0.7807 × (−1) | 3.3394 > 0 | Vote is fault line | | Overhead line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × (−1) | 0.7807 × (−1) | 1.737 > 1.6024 | Vote is healthy line | | Hybrid line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × 1 | 3.3394 > 0 | Vote is healthy line | | Cable line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × (−1) | 2.5587 > 0.7807 | Vote is healthy line |
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10 |
500 | Overhead line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × (−1) | 0.8217 × (−1) | 0.7807 × (−1) | 2.401 > 0.9384 | Vote is fault line | | Overhead line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × 1 | 3.3394 > 0 | Vote is healthy line | | Hybrid line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × 1 | 3.3394 > 0 | Vote is healthy line | | Cable line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × 1 | 3.3394 > 0 | Vote is healthy line |
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| (b) Fault voting result of hybrid line |
| | Fault location/km | Transition resistance/ | Feeder line style | Atom 1 | Atom 2 | Atom 3 | Atom 4 | Voting results | Fault line selection results |
| |
5 |
500 | Overhead line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × (−1) | 2.5587 > 0.7807 | Vote is healthy line | | Overhead line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × 1 | 3.3394 > 0 | Vote is healthy line | | Hybrid line | 0.9384 × (−1) | 0.7986 × (−1) | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × (−1) | 2.5177 > 0.8217 | Vote is fault line | | Cable line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × (−1) | 0.7807 × 1 | 2.5177 > 0.8217 | Vote is healthy line |
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14 |
2000 | Overhead line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × (−1) | 2.5587 > 0.7807 | Vote is healthy line | | Overhead line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × (−1) | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × 1 | 2.5408 > 0.7986 | Vote is healthy line | | Hybrid line | 0.9384 × (−1) | 0.7986 × (−1) | 0.8217 × (−1) | 0.7807 × (−1) | 3.3394 > 0 | Vote is fault line | | Cable line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × 1 | 3.3394 > 0 | Vote is healthy line |
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| (c) Fault voting result of cable line |
| | Fault location/km | Transition resistance/ | Feeder line style | Atom 1 | Atom 2 | Atom 3 | Atom 4 | Voting results | Fault line selection results |
| |
4 |
200 | Overhead line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × (−1) | 2.5587 > 0.7807 | Vote is healthy line | | Overhead line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × 1 | 3.3394 > 0 | Vote is healthy line | | Hybrid line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × 1 | 3.3394 > 0 | Vote is healthy line | | Cable line | 0.9384 × (−1) | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × (−1) | 0.7807 × (−1) | 2.5408 > 0.7986 | Vote is fault line |
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8 |
10 | Overhead line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × (−1) | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × 1 | 2.5408 > 0.7986 | Vote is healthy line | | Overhead line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × 1 | 3.3394 > 0 | Vote is healthy line | | Hybrid line | 0.9384 × 1 | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × 1 | 0.7807 × 1 | 3.3394 > 0 | Vote is healthy line | | Cable line | 0.9384 × (−1) | 0.7986 × 1 | 0.8217 × (−1) | 0.7807 × (−1) | 2.5408 > 0.7986 | Vote is fault line |
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