Review Article

Challenges and Issues in Multisensor Fusion Approach for Fall Detection: Review Paper

Table 3

Wearable sensors fusion.

ArticleYearBasisDeployed sensorsDeployed algorithmEvaluationPerformance

Felisberto et al. [42] 2014 Movement monitoring, accident detection based on sensor fusion Accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer Fuzzy logic + extended Kalman filter, direct cosine matrix (DCM), control algorithmMovement state, Orientation state experiment with precollected data Passing average: 84%

Doukas and Maglogiannis [43] 2008 Fall detection based on movement/sound data Accelerometer, microphones Support Vector Machine (SVM) 2 volunteers:
(a) Simple walk
(b) Walk and fall
(c) Walk and run
All fall events successfully detected Run events: 96.72%

Bianchi et al. [44] 2010 Falls event detection with barometric pressure and triaxial accelerometer Accelerometer, air pressure sensor Heuristically trained decision tree classifier 20 healthy volunteers: falls/ADL simulation Accuracy: 96.9% Sensitivity: 97.5% Specificity: 96.5%

Lustrek et al. [45] 2011 Fall detection with accelerometer and location sensor Accelerometer, location tags Rule-based reasoning 10 healthy volunteers, specific scenario Methods utilized both context/accelerometer. Accuracy increase: 40%

Yi et al. [46] 2014 Wearable sensor data fusion for fall detection Temperature, accelerometer ECG sensor Data is processed individually and combined into alert message No evaluation provided Human postures successfully recognized. Full evaluation is not performed

Tolkiehn et al. [47] 2011 Fall detection with accelerometer and barometric pressure sensor Accelerometer, barometric pressure sensor Feature extraction, thresholding combination 12 healthy volunteers ADL/fall simulation, 297 data sequences Fall identification accuracy: 94.12%

Greene et al. [48] 2012 Falls risk estimation through multisensor assessment of standing balance Pressure sensor (platform), body-worn inertial sensor SVM 120 community dwelling older adults Classification accuracy: 71.52%