Review Article
Biometric-Based Attendance Tracking System for Education Sectors: A Literature Survey on Hardware Requirements
Table 4
A comparison of the performance of optical, solid state, and ultrasound sensors.
| Performances/characteristics | Optical | Solid state | Ultrasound |
| Image capability | 2D optical image | 2D image | Detailed rich 3D fingerprint map | Speed | Fast | Fast | Slightly slower | Power consumption | High | Low | High | Security | Less secure (prone to spoof, except FTIR-based) | High (3D antispoofing measures) | More secure (difficult to spoof) | Size | Large (FTIR-based) | Small | Bulky | Smartphone integration | Hard to integrate due to miniaturization limitation (FTIR-based) | Miniature size to integrate with smartphone easily | Rarely used in smartphone | Cost | $10-$80 (based on the sensor of fingerprint scanner listed in Table 3) | $29 (based on the sensor of fingerprint scanner listed in Table 3) | High |
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