Journal of Sensors

Research Article

Enhancing Interpretability of Data-Driven Fault Detection and Diagnosis Methodology with Maintainability Rules in Smart Building Management

Table 17

Electrical Systems - Lightning Protection System (LPS) and Earthing.
ProblemDesignConstructionMaintenance
Lightning protection system (LPS) defects (corroded/exposed parts)

Unsecured clamp/joint

Corroded conductor		Adopt the protection measures to reduce risk of damage by lightning (e.g., injury to living beings, physical damage and failure of electrical and electronic systems) in accordance with SS 555-1, BS EN 62305-1, NFPA 780 or equivalent.
Provide external lightning protection system (LPS) to intercept direct lightning flashes to the structure. Adopt the design considerations for system earthing, including selection of type of earthing system to be used. Material selection and minimum dimensions (for earth- electrodes to resist corrosion) should be guided by SS 551, BS 7430 or equivalent.
Provide lightning electromagnetic impulse protection measures (LEMP) in accordance with SS 555-4, IEC 62305-4 or equivalent.		Construct and install air-termination system and LPS in accordance with IEC 62305-3, SS 555-3 or equivalent. Installation to be performed by certified LPS installers.
Choose electrode locations that avoid the drainage of fertiliser and other materials into the area. Top soil should not be mixed with the backfill around an electrode.
Use compatible metals for the electrode system or protect it by adopting cathodic protection in accordance with BS 7430, SS 551 or equivalent, to avoid hazards to adjacent ground systems.		A thorough check should be performed on surge arrestors and the earthing system once a year, together with the annual shutdown.
Monthly inspection should be conducted by a Licensed Electrical Worker (LEW). Such inspection should cover internal LPS to avoid occurrence of dangerous sparking within the structure caused by lightning current flowing in the external LPS or other conductive parts of structure in accordance with IEC 62305-3, SS 555-3 or equivalent.