Influence of Different Types of Recombination Active Defects on the Integral Electrical Properties of Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

Figure 4

(a) Efficiency , (b) open circuit voltage , and (c) short circuit current as a function of the area fraction of Type-A defects of 6′′ silicon solar cells. In (d) the and the area of fraction of Type-A defects are plotted in dependence on the wafer number identifying the ingot position from bottom to top of the silicon block. In all figures the sample REF-37 is marked with a red circle.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)