Ranges of B, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Sr, Tl, and Zn Concentrations and Isotope Ratios in Environmental Matrices from an Urban Area

Table 2

MC-ICP-MS operating parameters and measurement conditions for isotope ratio measurements^b. Table modified from Rodushkin et al. [2].

Elements^a

Configuration of introduction system

Resolution mode

Integration time (s)

Sample uptake rate (mL·min^−1)

Dynamic mode configuration

Cup configuration

“δ-zero” reference standards

Reported ratios

L4

L3

L2

L1

C

H1

H2

H3

H4

B

Pumped micromist nebulizer, minicyclonic spray chamber, X-type skimmer cone

Low

0.524

0.40–0.50

—

—

^10B

—

—

—

^11B

—

—

NIST SRM 951a boric acid

δ^11B

Cd

Aridus/Apex desolvating systems, self-aspirating microconcentric PFA nebulizer, X-type skimmer cone

Low

0.524

0.04–0.06

^107Ag

^108Cd

^109Ag

^110Cd

^111Cd

^112Cd

^114Cd

^116Cd

^117Sn

NIST SRM 3108 Cd solution Lot 130116

δ^114Cd

^108Pd

^110Pd

^112Sn

^114Sn

^116Sn

Zn/Cu

Pumped micromist nebulizer, double spray chamber, H-type skimmer cone

Medium

0.262

0.20–0.25

—

^63Cu

^64Zn

^65Cu

^66Zn

^67Zn

^68Zn

^70Zn

—

NIST SRM 976 Cu standard solution

δ^56Cu

(^64Ni)

IRMM-3702 Zn solution

δ^66Zn

Cr/Ni

Pumped micromist nebulizer, double spray chamber, H-type skimmer cone/Apex desolvating systems, self-aspirating microconcentric PFA nebulizer, X-type skimmer cone

High

1.262

0.05–0.25

Main

—

^52Cr

^53Cr

^54Cr

—

^56Fe

—

—

—

NBS SRM 979 Cr standard

δ^53Cr

^54Fe

Sub configuration

—

—

—

—

—

^60Ni

^61Ni

^62Ni

—

Fe/Ni

Pumped micromist nebulizer, double spray chamber, H-type skimmer cone

Medium

0.262

0.20–0.25

^54Fe

—

^56Fe

^57Fe

—

^60Ni

^61Ni

^62Ni

—

IRMM-014 Fe metal

δ^56Fe

^54Cr

Pb/Tl

Aridus/Apex desolvating systems, self-aspirating microconcentric PFA nebulizer, X-type skimmer cone

Low

0.524

0.04–0.06

—

^202Hg

^203Tl

^204Pb

^205Tl

^206Pb

^207Pb

^208Pb

—

NIST SRM 981 common Pb

^206Pb/^207Pb;^208Pb/^207Pb

Tl: 1000 mg·L^−1 elemental standard. Ultra scientific, North Kingstown, RI, USA; Lot L00709

δ^205Tl

^204Hg

Sr

Pumped micromist  nebulizer, double spray chamber, H-type skimmer cone

Low

0.262

0.20–0.25

^82Kr

^83Kr

^84Sr

^85Rb

^86Sr

^87Sr

^88Sr

—

—

Sr carbonate NIST SRM 987 (NBS-987) Sr carbonate

^87Sr/^86Sr

^84Kr

^86Kr

^87Rb

^aOne element is used as the internal standard for the second element, except for Ni and Ag which were only used as the internal standards. ^bRF power: 1400–1450 W. Coolant gas flow: 15 L·min⁻¹. Auxiliary gas flow: 1.4·L min⁻¹. Sample gas flow: 0.9–1.25 L·min⁻¹. Additional gas flow (N₂, Aridus and Apex) 0.01–0.02 L·min⁻¹. Ion lens settings: adjusted daily to obtain maximum sensitivity and signal stability. Zoom optic settings: adjusted daily to obtain maximum resolution. Number of blocks: 9. Number of cycles per block: 5. Number of integrations: 3–5. Amplifier rotation: left.