Review Article
Parasite Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases as Drug Discovery Targets to Treat Human Protozoan Pathogens
Table 2
Mitogen-activated protein kinases and their corresponding homologues in Trypanosomatids.
| | L. major (LMa) MAPK | LMa aaccn. | L mexicana (LMx) MAPK | LMx aaccn. | T. brucei (TB) MAPK | TB aaccn. | T. cruzi (TC) MAPK | TC aaccn. #1 | TC aaccn. #2 | Phosphorylation lip LMa/LMx/TB/
TC#1/TC#2 | Function | References |
| | LmaMPK1 | Q4Q0B0 | LmxMPK1 | Z95887 | KFR1 | Q26802 | — | Q4CSB9 | — | TDY/TDY/
TEY/TGY | Essential for intracellular parasite survival of bloodstream stage (LMx, TB), IFN-γ-induced proliferation of bloodstream stage (TB) | [52–55] | | LmaMPK2 | Q4Q204 | LmxMPK2 | AJ293280 | — | Q38B88 | — | Q4CZ09 | Q4CR01 | TDY/TDY/TDY/
TDY/TDY | Essential for intracellular parasite survival of bloodstream stage (LMx, TB) | [52, 53] | | LmaMPK3 | Q4QHG6 | LmxMPK3 | AJ293281 | — | Q580X5 | TcMPK3 | Q4D0A7 | Q4CKS6 | TDY/TDY/TDY/
TDY/TDY | Flagellar length (LMx) | [56, 57] | | LmaMPK4 | Q4QD66 | LmxMPK4 | AJ293282 | TbMAPK2 | Q38B88 | — | Q4D3Y2 | — | TQY/TQY/
TDY/TEY | Stage-specific induction of phosphotransferase activity(LMx) | [52, 58, 59] | | LmaMPK5 | Q4Q701 | LmxMPK5 | AJ293283 | TbMAPK5 | Q586Y9 | — | Q4DHF7 | Q4DCP6 | TDY/TDY/TDY/
TDY/TDY | Differentiation (TB) | [60] | | LmaMPK6 | Q4Q4U7 | LmxMPK6 | AJ293284 | TbECK1 | Q381A7 | — | Q4DD40 | — | TDY/TDY/
TEY/TDY | Proliferation; stage-specificinduction of phosphotransferase activity (TB) | [61] | | LmaMPK7 | Q4QFZ0 | LmxMPK7 | AJ293285 | — | — | — | — | — | TDY/TDY | Proliferation; stage-specificinduction of phosphotransferase activity (LMa) | [59, 62] | | LmaMPK8 | Q4Q8L2 | LmxMPK8 | AJ293286 | — | — | — | — | — | TNY/TNY | ? | | | LmaMPK9 | Q4QDK3 | LmxMPK9 | AJ293287 | — | Q387N8 | — | Q4DYK0 | Q4DD15 | TEY/TEY/TEY/
TEY/TEY | Flagellar length (LMx) | [57, 63] | | LmaMPK10 | Q4QHJ8 | LmxMPK10 | DQ308411 | — | Q580Z7 | — | Q4D4Q4 | Q4CU32 | THY/THY/THY/
THY/THY | Stage-specific induction of phosphotransferase activity (LMa, LMx) | [59, 62] | | LmaMPK11 | Q4Q449 | LmxMPK11 | DQ026027 | — | Q389D8 | — | Q4CZQ7 | Q4DC97 | TDY/TDY/TDY/
TDY/TDY | ? | | | LmaMPK12 | Q4Q7S2 | LmxMPK12 | DQ026026 | TbMAPK4 | Q585N3 | — | Q4DHP2 | — | TQY/TQY/TSY/THY | ? | | | LmaMPK13 (LF4) | Q4FVX2 | LmxMPK13 (LF4) | DQ812905 | MOK | Q38E60 | — | Q4E4I5 | Q4DWW0 | TEY/TEY/TEY/
TEY/TEY | Flagellar length (LMx) | [57] | | LmaMPK14 | Q4FYW2 | LmxMPK14 | DQ812906 | — | Q57WV2 | — | Q4D0S5 | Q4D7J6 | TDY/TDY/TDY/
TDY/TDY | Flagellar length (LMx) | [57] | | LmaMPK15 | Q4Q3Y0 | LmxMPK15 | DQ812907 | — | Q389P3 | — | Q4DKI1 | — | TIY/TIY/TFY/TFY | ? | |
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aaccn.; accession no.
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