|
| Component or process | Effect of ROS |
|
| Signaling proteins, transcriptional regulators | |
| JNK, MAPK | Activation |
| p38, MAPK | Activation, nuclear translocation |
| ERK1/2, MAPK | Activation, nuclear accumulation |
| PI3 kinase (some isoforms) | Activation, changes in nucleocytoplasmic distribution |
| 5′-AMP activated kinase | Inhibition, nuclear accumulation; possibly by reduced nuclear export via Crm1 |
| Human insulin receptor kinase activity | Activation |
| Src family kinases | Activation |
| EGFR | Nuclear translocation; DNA repair |
| Protein tyrosine phosphatases | Inactivation |
| PTEN | Nuclear accumulation; association with p53 |
| STAT3 | Nuclear translocation |
|
NF-κB, transcription factor | Nuclear accumulation; transcription |
| FoxO transcription factors | Nuclear translocation (i.e., FOXO1, FOXO3a, and FOXO4) |
| yAP-1, yeast transcription factor | Nuclear translocation |
| Msn2p, Msn4p, yeast transcription factors | Nuclear translocation, transcription |
| CREB | Phosphorylation, nuclear translocation |
| Nrf2 | Nuclear accumulation |
| HMGB1 | Cytoplasmic translocation |
| HuR, RNA-binding protein | Relocation to cytoplasm, accumulation in stress granules |
|
| Nuclear transport apparatus | |
| Classical nuclear import | Inhibition |
| Crm1-dependent nuclear export | Inhibition |
| Ran, small GTPase; Gsp1 in S. cerevisiae | Relocation to cytoplasm upon severe oxidative stress |
| Importin-α1, adaptor for classical nuclear import | Accumulation in nuclei, accumulation in cytoplasmic stress granules |
| Crm1, nuclear exporter | Accumulation at nuclear envelope |
| CAS, exporter for importin-α | Nuclear accumulation |
| Multiple nucleoporins located at different positions within the nuclear pore complex: Nup358, Nup214, Nup88, Nup62, Nup153, Nup50, Nup98, and others | Changes in the association with nuclear envelope; altered nucleocytoplasmic distribution; degradation upon severe stress, in some cases mediated by caspases. |
|
