Developmental and Reproductive Effects of SE5-OH: An Equol-Rich Soy-Based Ingredient

Table 10

Litter size and viability index of the F₁ generation rat pups exposed to SE5-OH during gestation and through lactation of the F₀ dams.

	Dose (mg/kg/day)
	0	𝑛	200	𝑛	1000	𝑛	2000	𝑛
Number of total offspring at birth
Males	#7.6±2.7	24	7.3±2.5	23	7.4±2.0	22	6.7±1.9	22
Females	7.0±2.0	24	7.3±2.6	23	6.5±1.7	22	7.1±2.3	22
Total	14.6±2.8	24	14.7±1.9	23	14.2±1.8	22	13.8±2.3	22
(M/F)	(183/168)		(169/169)		(162/144)		(147/157)
Number of live offspring at birth
Males	7.5±2.8	24	7.3±2.6	23	7.2±2.3	22	6.6±2.0	22
Females	6.9±2.0	24	7.2±2.4	23	6.4±2.2	22	7.1±2.3	22
Total	14.4±3.0	24	14.4±1.6	23	13.6±3.3	22	13.8±2.3	22
(M/F)	(179/166)		(167/165)		(159/140)		(146/157)
Number of live offspring on PND 4 before culling
Males	7.4±2.8	24	7.2±2.6	23	7.1±2.4	22	6.5±1.8	22
Females	6.7±2.0	24	7.1±2.3	23	6.2±2.1	22	7.0±2.3	22
Total	14.1±2.9	24	14.3±1.6	23	13.3±3.5	22	13.5±2.2	22
(M/F)	(178/160)		(166/164)		(156/137)		(144/154)
Number of live offspring on PND 4 after culling
Males	3.9±0.9	24	4.0±0.2	23	4.0±0.2	21	4.0±0.2	22
Females	3.9±0.4	24	4.0±0.2	23	4.0±0.2	21	4.0±0.3	22
Total	7.8±1.2	24	8.0±0.0	23	8.0±0.0	21	8.0±0.2	22
Number of live offspring on PND 21
Males	3.9±0.9	24	4.0±0.2	23	4.0±0.4	21	3.9±0.3	22
Females	3.9±0.4	24	4.0±0.2	23	4.0±0.2	21	3.9±0.4	22
Total	7.8±1.2	24	8.0±0.0	23	7.9±0.3	21	7.8±0.5	22
Viability index^A (%)
PND 0	96.86±10.27	24	98.50±4.99	23	95.78±19.81	22	99.62±1.77	22
PND 4	98.23±3.70	24	99.42±1.92	23	93.75±21.38	22	98.58±4.28	22
PND 21	100.00±0.00	24	100.00±0.00	23	98.81±3.76	21	98.30±5.84	22

#Mean ± standard deviation; 𝑛: number of litters; PND: postnatal day; ^Aviability index: PND 0: (number of live offspring born alive/number of offspring born), PND 4: (number of offspring alive on PND 4/number of offspring born alive), PND 21: (number of live weanlings/number of live offspring after culling).