Research Article
Molecular and Biochemical Effects of a Kola Nut Extract on Androgen Receptor-Mediated Pathways
Table 1
Regulation of androgen receptor target genes
by Biz-2.
| Genes | mRNA expression relative
to control | | Gene description | Biz-2 | DHT | RES | 10 ppm–24 h | 10 nM–24 h | 10 nM–24 h | Fold | SEM | N | Fold | SEM | N | Fold | SEM | N |
| PSA | 10.55 | 2.26 | 3 | 8.09 | 0.91 | 3 | 3.66 | 0.18 | 3 | Prostate-specific antigen: prostate tumor
marker | NKX3-1 | 3.932 | 0.74 | 3 | 13.84 | 2.21 | 3 | 2.51 | 0.24 | 3 | NK3 homeobox: a novel human
prostate-specific, androgen-regulated homeobox gene associated with prostate
cancer progression | TSC22 | 5.95 | 1.44 | 3 | 1.38 | 0.16 | 3 | 2.45 | 0.25 | 3 | Tuberous sclerosis 22: a leucine zipper transcription factor
whose expression is induced by TGF-b | PART-1 | 1 | 0.3 | | 0.35 | 0.02 | | — | — | — | Prostate androgen-regulated transcript 1: androgen-inducible
gene that is regulated by androgens and phytoestrogen | ER | 1.17 | 0.4 | 3 | 1.08 | 0.32 | 3 | 1.27 | 0.21 | 3 | Estrogen receptor : nuclear transcription factor that mediates transcription of nonsteroidal
and steroidal ligands | ER | 1.36 | 0.281 | 3 | 1.36 | 0.281 | 3 | 1.48 | 0.35 | 3 | Estrogen receptor : ligand-inducible nuclear transcription factor that mediates
estrogen-dependent gene expression in females | AR | 2.84 | 0.20 | 3 | 1.271 | 0.11 | 3 | 0.44 | 0.01 | 3 | Androgen receptor: transcription factor that mediates
transcription of genes required for development of male reproductive tissues | Bcl2 | 2.68 | 2.68 | 3 | 0.85 | 0.07 | 3 | 1.14 | 0.12 | 3 | B cell leukemia/lymphoma-2: an antiapoptotic protein known to
regulate apoptotic pathway and protect against cell death | Bax | 9.97 | 2.13 | 3 | 7.64 | 0.09 | 3 | 3.45 | 0.17 | 3 | Bcl2-associated X-protein: a proapoptotic protein that regulates
apoptotic pathway and promotes cell death |
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