| | Compound/Chemical | Disease | Effect |
| | CoQ10 | PD | Reduces the loss of DA neurons in the SNpc (Cleren et al., 2008, [12], Somayajulu-Niţu et al., 2009, [13]) |
| | Trehalose | PD | Autophagy-mediated, short-term reduction of phosphorylated tau and β-amyloid plaques in parkin (PK−/−/TauVLW) mouse model (Rodríguez-Navarro et al., 2010, [14]) |
| | SR-3306 (JNK inhibitor) | PD |
Reduces the loss of dopaminergic cell bodies in the SNpc and their terminals in the striatum (Crocker et al., 2011, [15]) |
| | Curcumin | PD |
Reduces synuclein toxicity, intracellular ROS, and apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells (Dinkova-Kostova et al., 2010, [16]) |
| | AD | Blockes Aβ aggregation (Guo et al., 2010, [17]) | | Inhibites Aβ insult (Ono et al., 2004, [18]) | | Protects Sprague-Dawley rats from Aβ-induced damage (Frautschy et al., 2001, [19]) | | Inhibits neuroglial cell proliferation (Ambegaokar et al., 2003, [20]) | | Inhibits Aβ-induced cytochemokine gene expression and CCR5-mediated chemotaxis of THP-1 monocytes by modulating EGR-1 (Giri et al., 2004, [21]) | | Inhibits α-synuclein aggregation (Pandey et al., 2008, [22]) |
| | Methylene blue | AD |
Inhibits cGMP pathway | | Attenuates amyloid plaque formation and neurofibrillary tangles (Wischik et al., 2008, [23] Oz et al., 2009, [24]) |
| | Viral vector Aβ cDNA (oral vaccination) | AD | Alleviates progressive cognitive impairment with decreased Aβ deposition, insoluble Aβ, soluble Aβ oligomer, microglial attraction, and synaptic degeneration induced in brain regions (Mouri et al., 2007, [25]) |
| | AL-108 | AD | Stabilizes microtubules and blocks Aβ aggregation (Masters and Beyreuther, 2006, [26]) |
| | Curcumin derivative | Stroke | Enhances memory, contributes to neurotrophic activity, and prevents cell death (Lapchak et al., 2011, [27]) |
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