|
| Reference | Metric | HD | STS | NHL | Leukemia | Exposure |
|
| Lynge [107] | SIR | Lymphoma = 1.1 | 2.72 | Lymphoma = 1.1 | 1.3 | Chlorophenoxy manufacturing workers; confidence intervals not provided |
|
| Wiklund et al. [96, 108, 109] | SIR | NR | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | NR | NR | MCPA, but including TCDD and other chlorophenoxy exposures |
|
| Wiklund et al. [76] | SIR | 1.2 (0.6–2.16) | NR | 1.01 (0.63–1.54) | NR | Chlorophenoxy, but including TCDD and other exposures |
|
| Wiklund et al. [77] | SIR | 1.02 (0.88–1.88) | NR | 0.97 (0.89–1.06) | NR | Chlorophenoxy, but including TCDD and other exposures |
|
| Bond et al. [110] | SMR | All lymphomas 2.02 (0.06–4.6) | | | 2.2 (0.03–7.9) | 2,4-D manufacturing |
|
| Wiklund et al. [78] | SIR | 1.2 (0.6–2.16) | 0.94 (0.34–2.04) | 1.01 (0.63–1.54) | 0.66 (0.28–1.21) | MCPA dominates but many other compounds also |
|
| Corrao et al. [111] | SIR | 1.4 (1.0–1.9) (all lymphomas, including NHL, HD) | | | 1.1 (0.8–1.5) | Assumed chlorophenoxy |
|
| Wigle et al. [80] | SMR | NR | 0.89 (0.53–1.40) | 0.92 (0.75–1.11) | 0.88 (0.74–1.04) | Chlorophenoxy |
|
| Coggon et al. [81] | SMR | 0 (0.–9.76) | 0 (0–20.58) | 2.72 (0.33–9.73) | NR | Chlorophenoxy |
|
| Bloemen et al. [112] | SIR | NR | NR | 2.0 (0.2–7.1) | NR | 2,4-D manufacturing; update to Bond [110] |
|
| Asp et al. [82] (10 yr latency) | SIR | 1.18 (0.03–6.56) | None observed | 0.42 (0.01–2.35) | 1.23 (0.25–3.59) | Chlorophenoxy sprayers |
|
| Kogevinas et al. [83] | SMR | 0.99 (0.48–1.82) | 2.00 (0.91–3.79) | 1.27 (0.88–1.78) | 1.00 (0.69–1.39) | Chlorophenoxy and chlorophenols |
|
| Zahm [74] | SMR | NR | NR | 1.14 (0.31–2.91) | NR | Lawn applicators; 4 deaths |
|
| Lynge [86] | SIR | NR | 1.62 (0.4–4.1) | 1.10 (0.4–2.6) | 1.21 (0.49–2.50) | Mostly MCPA, MCPP, some 2,4-D, and 2,4,5-T |
|
| Burns et al. [79] | SMR | 1.54 (0.04–8.56) | NR | 1.00 (0.21–2.92) | 1.30 (0.35–3.32) | 2,4-D manufacturing; Update to Bond [110]; Bloemen [112] |
|
| 'T Mannetje et al [84] | SMR | 0 (0.–16.1) | 4.28 (0.11–23.8) | 0.69 (0.02–3.84) | 1.16 (0.03–6.44) | Chlorophenoxy sprayers, include dioxin, paraquat, and organophosphates |
|
| 'T Mannetje et al [84] | SMR | 5.58 (0.14–31.0) | 0 (0–19.3) | 0.87 (0.02–4.87) | 0 (0–5.29) | Production workers |
|
| Jones et al. [89] | SMR | 1.15 (0.74–1.78) | 0.96 (0.62–1.49) | 2.01 (1.38–2.93) | 1.02 (0.707–1.463) | Chlorophenoxy manufacturing, but many with predominantly 2,4,5-T known to be contaminated with dioxin; meta-analysis of 20 studies |
|
| Boers [85] Factory A | SMR | NR | NR | 0.92 (0.19–4.47) | 0.28 (0.03–2.61) | Chlorophenoxy, solvents |
|
| Boers [85] Factory B | SMR | NR | NR | only one case | 1.53 (0.22–10.82) | MCPP, MCPA, and 2,4-D |
|
| Burns et al. [79] | SIR | 0.97 (0.01–5.4) | 0.6 (0.01–3.3) | 1.2 (0.7–2.1) | 0.9 (0.4–1.8) | 2,4-D manufacturing; 1985–2007 cohort 1 |
|
| Burns et al. [79] | SIR | 1.05 (0.01–5.9) | 0.7 (0.01–3.6) | 1.4 (0.7–2.3) | 0.9 (0.4–2.0) | 2,4-D manufacturing; 1985–2007 cohort 2 |
|
| Burns et al. [79] | SIR | 1.3 (0.02–7.2) | 0.8 (0.01–4.5) | 1.7 (0.9–2.9) | 0.9 (0.3–2.0) | 2,4-D manufacturing; 1985–2007 cohort 3 |
|
