Macro- and Microelemental Composition and Toxicity of Unsweetened Natural Cocoa Powder in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Table 5

Changes in serum biochemistry in male SD rats receiving 2000 mg/kg b.w.t. of UNCP.

Parameter	UNITS	CTRL	UNCP	value
Creatinine	µmol/L	43.25 ± 2.925	40.61 ± 1.158	0.3618
Urea UV	mmol/L	8.605 ± 4.225	8.854 ± 1.263	0.2880
Bilirubin total	µmol/L	0.795 ± 0.0144	0.625 ± 0.165	0.3960
ALT	U/L	125 ± 0.722	120 ± 5.01	0.1999
Albumin	g/L	40.5 ± 0.442	39.0 ± 0.692	0.2046
AST	U/L	2.49 ± 0.358	2.52 ± 0.541	0.3263
Total protein	g/L	73.1 ± 1.02	70.6 ± 3.09	0.6061
Triglycerides	mmol/L	1.28 ± 0.160	0.943 ± 0.116	0.1185
Bilirubin direct	µmol/L	0.555 ± 0.0240	1.38 ± 0.489	0.1791
ALP	U/L	707 ± 7.86	535 ± 40.7	0.0103
GGT	U/L	1.20 ± 0.200	2.40 ± 1.44	0.4316
HDL cholesterol	mmol/L	0.560 ± 0.0372	0.755 ± 0.0349	0.0060
Cholesterol	mmol/L	2.08 ± 0.0854	2.15 ± 0.129	0.6616
LDL cholesterol	mmol/L	1.27 ± 0.0740	0.934 ± 0.124	0.0810
Na^+	mmol/L	137 ± 0.479	133 ± 0.477	0.0002
K^+	mmol/L	5.75 ± 0.132	6.44 ± 0.293	0.1098
Ca^2+	mmol/L	0.845 ± 0.0132	0.858 ± 0.0180	0.5200