Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapy Depressed Mitosis and Induced Chromosome Aberration in Onion Root Cells

Table 3

Mean values of mitotic activities observed after long-term acute and chronic exposure of A. cepa root tips to DHAP.

Concentration of DHAP (μg/ml)	48h (Acute)								48h (Chronic)
	I	P	M	A	T	TDC	TCC	MI(%)	I	P	M	A	T	TDC	TCC	MI(%)
Control	7.0	6.8	7.0	5.6	3.8	30.2	709	5.26	5.2	2.2	11.2	11.4	2.2	32.2	546	5.90
0.25	1.6	8.0	14.6	15.6	2.6	42.4	646	6.60	5.2	2.4	8.0	4.4	1.2	21.2	610	3.4
0.5	1.2	4.2	14.0	10.4	6.4	36.2	651	5.41	2.6	1.6	5.4	6.6	1.0	17.2	626	2.7
1	0.8	3.2	12.0	11.0	4.4	31.4	648	4.80	1.8	1.0	4.6	1.6	0.2	9.2	638	1.4
Mean	2.65	5.5	11.9	10.6	4.3	35.1	663	5.31	3.7	1.8	7.3	6.0	1.2	19.9	605	3.39
SD	2.9	2.3	3.45	4.09	1.59	5.54	30.4	1.00	1.76	0.82	2.97	4.14	0.82	9.57	40.9	1.87

Note: interphase (I), prophase (P), metaphase (M), anaphase (A), telophase (T), total dividing cells (TDC), total cells counted (TCC), mitotic index (MI), hour (h), and standard deviation (SD). One-way ANOVA analysed by Bonferroni multiple comparisons. MI (%) marked with asterisks are significantly different from the negative control ( = p<0.05).