Mutagenicity and Acute Oral Toxicity Test for Herbal Poultry Feed Supplements

Table 3

EGMAX, mutagenicity test results.

Strain	S9	Untreated control	Vehicle control (DMSO)	EGMAX						Positive control
				19.5 μg/ml	39.0 μg/ml	78.1 μg/ml	156.2 μg/ml	312.5 μg/ml	625 μg/ml
S. typhimurium
TA 98		1.00 ± 1.73	0.67 ± 1.15	0.33 ± 0.58	1.67 ± 0.58	0.67 ± 0.58	0.33 ± 0.58	0.67 ± 1.15	NA	46.00 ± 1.00
		1.67 ± 1.53	1.33 ± 0.58	NA	3.67 ± 0.58	0.67 ± 1.15	1.00 ± 1.00	0.67 ± 0.58	2.33 ± 0.58	45.33 ± 1.53
TA 100		1.67 ± 0.58	2.00 ± 1.00	1.33 ± 1.53	1.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	1.33 ± 0.58	1.33 ± 1.15	NA	43.33 ± 0.58
		5.67 ± 3.06	3.00 ± 0.00	NA	3.33 ± 0.58	3.33 ± 0.58	4.67 ± 0.58	4.33 ± 2.08	3.00 ± 1.00	48.00 ± 0.00
TA 1535		1.33 ± 1.15	0.00 ± 0.00	1.67 ± 2.08	1.33 ± 1.53	0.00 ± 0.00	0.67 ± 1.15	0.33 ± 0.58	NA	48.00 ± 0.00
		0.00 ± 0.00	0.67 ± 0.58	NA	0.67 ± 1.15	0.67 ± 0.58	0.33 ± 0.58	1.33 ± 1.53	1.33 ± 1.53	43.33 ± 4.04
TA 1537		1.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 1.00	0.67 ± 0.58	0.67 ± 0.58	0.00 ± 0.00	0.33 ± 0.58	1.33 ± 0.58	NA	40.67 ± 0.58
		0.33 ± 0.58	2.00 ± 2.00	NA	0.33 ± 0.58	1.33 ± 0.58	1.00 ± 1.00	0.67 ± 1.15	1.33 ± 1.53	37.67 ± 1.15
E. coli
WP2 uvrA		1.00 ± 1.00	0.00 ± 0.00	0.33 ± 0.58	0.33 ± 0.58	0.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00	0.67 ± 1.15	NA	41.33 ± 6.43
		1.00 ± 1.00	0.67 ± 0.58	NA	0.67 ± 0.58	1.00 ± 0.00	1.00 ± 0.00	1.33 ± 0.58	0.67 ± 0.58	37.33 ± 2.52

Revertant colonies (mean ± SD). Statistically significant (); NA: not applicable; positive controls. With S9: 2-aminoanthracene (i) 5 μg/ml, TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, and TA 1537; (ii) 50 μg/ml, E. coli WP2 uvrA; without S9: 2-nitrofluorene—2 μg/ml, TA 98; 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide—0.1 μg/ml, TA 100; N⁴-aminocytidine—100 μg/ml, TA 1535; 9-amino-1,2,3,4-tetra hydro acridine hydrochloride—15 μg/ml, TA 1537; 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide—1.0 μg/ml, E. coli WP2 uvrA.