Equilibrium Molecular Interactions in Pure Gases

<table>Comparison of a cluster with a chemical compound. Blue lines: molecular interaction potentials <svg height="13.45" id="M1" style="vertical-align:-2.21957pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 27.924999 13.45" width="27.924999" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,13.45)">
<g transform="translate(72,-61.24)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.5)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑈</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="8.8146152" y="0">(</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="12.978114" y="0">𝑟</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="18.079338" y="0">)</tspan>
</text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>; narrow lines: energetic levels densely spaced in the cluster and widely separated in the chemical compound. <svg height="14.2375" id="M2" style="vertical-align:-3.13504pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 17.375 14.2375" width="17.375" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.2375)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.61)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝐸</tspan>
</text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.66)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">2</tspan>
</text>
</g>
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</svg>: the cluster’s effective bond energy, comparable with <svg height="10.7375" id="M3" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.6875 10.7375" width="19.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63.41)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑘</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.7766261" y="0">𝑇</tspan>
</text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>; <svg height="14.35" id="M4" style="vertical-align:-3.22281pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 22.237499 14.35" width="22.237499" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,14.35)">
<g transform="translate(72,-60.52)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.79)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝐸</tspan>
</text>
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-63.02,60.66)">
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="0" y="0">c</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 8.75px; " x="3.8858881" y="0">b</tspan>
</text>
</g>
</g>
</svg>: the chemical bond energy, greatly exceeding the <svg height="10.7375" id="M5" style="vertical-align:-0.13794pt" version="1.1" viewbox="0 0 19.6875 10.7375" width="19.6875" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
<g transform="matrix(1.25,0,0,-1.25,0,10.7375)">
<g transform="translate(72,-63.41)">
<text transform="matrix(1,0,0,-1,-71.95,63.6)">
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="0" y="0">𝑘</tspan>
<tspan style="font-size: 12.50px; " x="6.7766261" y="0">𝑇</tspan>
</text>
</g>
</g>
</svg> value.</table>

Journal of Thermodynamics

Equilibrium Molecular Interactions in Pure Gases

Figure 2