Current Status of Norovirus Infections in Children in Sub-Saharan Africa

Table 1

Norovirus infections in children in Sub-Saharan Africa.

Country	Prevalence of norovirus (%)				Sample size	Year of samples collected	Age (years)	Reference
	Total	GI	GII	GI/GII
Botswana	24	3	21	0	100	2000–2006	≤1–≥3	[17]
Cameroon	29.6	12.9	16.7	0	54	Oct–Dec 2009	5–15	[18]
Cameroon	4.6	2.2	2.4	0	146 (1244 samples)	Sep 2011–Aug 2012	1–17	[19]
Malawi	11.3	1.8	9.4	0.1	1941	July 1997–June 2007	<5	[20]
Tanzania	13.7	—	—	—	270	Dec 2005–Feb 2006	<5	[21]
Tanzania	14.3	0.9	13.3	0.1	1266	2010-2011	≤2	[22]
Ghana	15.9	3.7	12.2	0	82	Aug 1998–July 2000	≤2	[23]
Ghana	16.4	1.3	15.1	0	152	Feb 2011–Feb 2012	≤5	[24]
Ghana	7.4	1.4	6	0	367	Nov 2005–Jan 2006	≤11	[25]
Nigeria	25.5	1.8	23.6	0	55	June 2010–Jan 2011	≤5	[26]
Nigeria	32.4	2.6	4.3	1.6	100	Nov 2007–Jan 2008	<5	[27]
Burkina Faso	22.2	8.8	10.5	2.9	418	Nov 2005–Jan 2007	≤10	[28]
Burkina Faso	12	2.3	9.7	—	309	May 2009–Mar 2010	<5	[29]
Kenya	6.3	—	—	—	206	Jan 2007–June 2010	<14	[30]
Madagascar	5.9	1.7	4.2	0	237	Nov 2005–Jan 2008	≤16	[31]
Rwanda	11	3.8	7.2	0	706	Nov 2009–June 2012	≤5	[32]
South Africa	14.3	1.2	12.7	0.4	245	Jan–Dec 2008	≤13	[33]
Gabon	23	9.1	13.9	0	317	Mar 2010–June 2011	<5	[34]
Tanzania (Zanzibar)	11.8	0.6	11.2	0	330	April–July, 2011	<5	[35]

Study did not sequence all the norovirus positive samples to determine the genogroups.