Pattern, Clinical Characteristics, and Outcome of Meningitis among HIV-Infected Adults Admitted in a Tertiary Hospital in North Western Tanzania: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 2

Admission lumbar puncture findings in HIV-infected adults admitted with features of meningitis to the medical wards of Bugando Medical Centre between November 2012 and May 2013 ().

Characteristic	Value/median (%)/(IQR)
Lumbar puncture CSF opening pressure (cm of H2O)	18 (11–25)
Normal opening pressure (<20 cm of H2O)	34 (56.6%)
Elevated opening pressure (≥20 cm of H2O)	26 (43.3%)
CSF appearance
Clear	38 (63.3%)
Cryptococcal antigen positive
Serum	11 (18.3%)
CSF	11 (18.3%)
CSF India ink positive	8 (13.3%)
CSF WBC count (cells/mm^3)	19.5 (6–53.5)
CSFWBC differential predominance
Lymphocytes	37 (61.7%)
Neutrophils	6 (10.0%)
Monocytes	17 (28.3%)
CSF protein (Pandy’s test) positive	41 (68.3%)
CSF Gram stain positive	5 (8.3%)
Gram-positive cocci in pairs	1 (1.7%)
Encapsulated yeast cells	4 (6.7%)
CSF routine culture positive	5 (8.3%)
CSF routine culture isolates
Streptococcus pneumoniae	1 (1.7%)
Cryptococcus neoformans	4 (6.7%)
CSF AFB ZN stain positive	3 (5.0%)
CSF TB culture positive	4 (6.7%)