Preparation of Ecofriendly Formulations Containing Biologically Active Monoterpenes with Their Fumigant and Residual Toxicities against Adults of Culex pipiens

Table 2

Knockdown time (KT₅₀) of different monoterpenes loaded on paper discs against female adult Cx. pipiens.

Compound	(min)	⁢95% confidence limits (min)		±  SE	± SE
		Lower	Upper
PD1	17.200	14.800	19.400			46.12
PD2	35.900	34.300	37.400			15.281
PD3	27.445	25.919	28.913			20.666
PD4	20.799	19.224	22.287			24.426
PD5	37.329	36.035	38.639			7.304
PD6	33.205	31.399	34.991			16.426
PD7	28.726	26.764	30.651			17.673

Knockdown times required to kill 50% of the population exposed.
Slope of the regression line ± standard error (SE).
Intercept of the regression line ± SE.
Chi square value.
PD: paper discs.
PD1: immobilization of blend of ketone monoterpenes (camphor, menthone, carvone, and fenchone) on paper discs.
PD2: immobilization of blend of alcohol monoterpenes (geraniol, thymol, and menthol) on paper discs.
PD3: immobilization of blend of alkene monoterpenes (limonene and camphene) on paper discs.
PD4: PD1 + citronella oil on paper discs.
PD5: PD2 + citronella oil on paper discs.
PD6: PD3 + citronella oil on paper discs.
PD7: immobilization of citronella oil on paper discs.