Impact of Submicroscopic Plasmodium falciparum Parasitaemia on Maternal Anaemia and Low Birth Weight in Blue Nile State, Sudan

Table 1

Risk factors for submicroscopic parasitaemia in Sudanese women using univariate and logistic regression analyses.

Characteristics	N (%) of the total	Submicroscopic parasitaemia positive N (%)	Univariate analyses		Logistic regression analyses
			OR (95% CI)		OR (95% CI)
Site of collection
Ed-Dmazen Hospital	59 (13.2)	25 (17.0)	1.8 (1.1–3.2)	0.042	1.4 (0.8–2.3)	0.182
El-Roseures Hospital	103 (23.0)	40 (27.2)	1.5 (0.9–2.5)	0.060	1.5 (0.8–2.9)	0.149
Surgical complex	285 (63.8)	82 (55.8)	Reference		Reference
Age, years	29.9 (4.5)	26.5 (4.7)	0.96 (0.9–4 1.0)	0.164	1.0 (0.9–1.1)	0.890
Gravidity	3.4 (2.0)	2.3 (1.8)	0.95 (0.8–1.1)	0.326	0.9 (0.8–1.1)	0.646
Residence
Rural	363 (81.2)	111 (75.5)	1.4 (1.1–1.8)	0.039	0.7 (0.4–1.3)	0.379
Urban	84 (18.8)	36 (24.5)	Reference		Reference
Education
<secondary level	313 (70.0)	126 (85.7)	3.6 (2.1–6.0)	<0.001	4.1 (2.3–7.4)	<0.001
≥secondary level	134 (30.0)	187 (19.8)	Reference		Reference
Antenatal care visits
Not attended	333 (74.5)	100 (68.0)	1.6 (1.1–2.5)	0.037	1.4 (0.9–2.7)	0.114
Attended	114 (25.5)	47 (32.0)	Reference		Reference
Use bednets
No	367 (82.1)	113 (76.9)	1.6 (1.1–2.7)	0.049	1.5 (0.9–2.7)	0.089
Yes	80 (17.9)	34 (23.1)	Reference		Reference
Sex of the newborn
Female	218 (48.8)	76 (51.7)	1.1 (0.8–1.7)	0.421	1.0 (0.7–1.6)	0.688
Male	229 (51.2)	71 (48.3)	Reference		Reference

N = number; OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval. mean (SD).