Late Onset of Antiretroviral Therapy in Adults Living with HIV in an Urban Area in Brazil: Prevalence and Risk Factors

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of 1,141 participants, comparing late versus nonlate antiretroviral therapy initiation, 2009-2012.

Variables	Total		Non-late	p-
	n	n (%)	n (%)
Total	1, 141	637 (55.8)	504 (44.2)	-
Sex
Male	788	433 (54.9)	355 (45.1)	0.372
Female	353	204 (57.8)	149 (42.2)
Age (years)
Median	41 (34-49)	41 (34-49)	40 (33-48)
Education level
≤ 8 years	439	269 (61.3)	170 (38.7)
> 8 years	461	208 (45.1)	253 (54.9)	< 0.001
Unknown	241	160 (66.4)	81 (33.6)
Place of residence
Goiânia	697	349 (50.1)	348 (49.9)
Others	429	281 (65.5)	148 (34.5)	< 0.001
Unknown	15	7 (46.7)	8 (53.3)
Skin color
White	180	82 (45.6)	98 (54.4)
Brown	821	486 (59.2)	335 (40.8)	0.003
Black	51	26 (51.0)	25 (49.0)
Unknown	89	43 (48.3)	46 (51.7)
Marital status
Married/consensual union	286	156 (54.5)	130 (45.5)
Single/separated/widowed	826	464 (56.2)	362 (43.8)	0.300
Unknown	29	17 (58.6)	12 (41.4)
Men who have sex with men
Yes	274	113 (41.2)	161 (58.8)
No	301	171 (56.8)	130 (43.2)	< 0.001
Unknown	213	149 (70.0)	64 (30.0)
Viral load (copies/cm^3)
< 100,000	698	297 (42.6)	401 (57.4)	<0.001
≥ 100,000	443	340 (76.7)	103 (23.3)
Hepatitis B virus
Yes	38	27 (71.1)	11 (28.9)	0.055
No/unknown	1,103	610 (55.3)	493 (44.2)
Hepatitis C virus
Yes	20	12 (60.0)	8 (40.0)	0.705
No/unknown	1,121	625 (55.8)	496 (44.2)
Pharmacological drugs
+	777	411 (52.9)	366 (47.1)	0.004
NRTI +	364	226 (62.1)	138 (37.9)

initiation defined as baseline CD4+ cell count < 200 cells/mm³ or baseline AIDS-defining illness. ’s chi-squared test (p<0.05). (Q1-Q3): interquartile range (quartile 1- quartile 3). T-test (p<0.05). : nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. : nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor. : protease inhibitor.