Breeding Habitat Distribution of Medically Important Mosquitoes in Kurunegala, Gampaha, Kegalle, and Kandy Districts of Sri Lanka and Potential Risk for Disease Transmission: A Cross-Sectional Study

Table 5

Diversity of medically important mosquito species encountered in different breeding habitats across the four districts.

Breeding site	Species richness	Shannon–Weiner index	Menhinik’s index	Margalef’s index	Pielou’s index	Dominance
Paddy field	7^a	7.06 ± 2.8^a	3.34 ± 0.83^a	0.59 ± 0.19^a	2.01 ± 0.6^a	0.28 ± 0.06^a
Reservoir	1^d	0	0.03 ± 0.01^d	0	0	0.01 ± 0.00^c
Tank margin	1^d	0.57 ± 0.4^c	0.11 ± 0.04^d	0.32 ± 0.12^b	0.21 ± 0.1^c	0.01 ± 0.00^c
Marshy land	5^b	1.52 ± 0.5^b	1.50 ± 0.26^b	0.32 ± 0.09^b	0.52 ± 0.2^b	0.06 ± 0.02^b
Pond	3^c	0	0.10 ± 0.03^d	0.06 ± 0.02^d	0	0.04 ± 0.01^c
Irrigation canal	4^b	1.86 ± 0.4^b	0.99 ± 0.21^b	0.36 ± 0.11^b	0.59 ± 0.2^b	0.09 ± 0.03^b
Blocked drainage	1^d	0	0.04 ± 0.01^d	0.11 ± 0.04^d	0	0.06 ± 0.02^b
Burrow pit	2^c	0	0.02 ± 0.01^d	0.02 ± 0.01^d	0	0.06 ± 0.01^b
Tree hole	3^c	1.56 ± 0.3^b	0.83 ± 0.26^c	0.38 ± 0.09^b	0.59 ± 0.1^b	0.05 ± 0.01^c
Leaf litter	2^c	0	0.11 ± 0.03^d	0.03 ± 0.01^d	0	0.02 ± 0.01^c
Tire	1^d	0	0.11 ± 0.02^d	0.10 ± 0.04^d	0	0.01 ± 0.00^c
Plastic container	3^c	1.56 ± 0.6^b	1.02 ± 0.32^b	0.13 ± 0.05^d	0.48 ± 0.1^b	0.12 ± 0.04^b
Metal container	2^c	0	0.03 ± 0.01^d	0.11 ± 0.06^d	0	0.09 ± 0.03^b
Clay pot	1^d	0	0.04 ± 0.01^d	0	0	0.01 ± 0.00^c
Footprint	1^d	0	0.12 ± 0.02^d	0	0	0
Roof gutter	1^d	0	0	0.09 ± 0.03^d	0	0.02 ± 0.00^c
Glassware	1^d	0	0	0.08 ± 0.02^d	0	0.02 ± 0.00^c
Leaf axil	2^c	0	0	0.22 ± 0.09^c	0	0
Coconut shell	3^c	1.23 ± 0.8^b	0.55 ± 0.11^c	0.20 ± 0.09^c	0.47 ± 0.2^b	0.02 ± 0.00^c
Concrete slab	1^d	0	0	0.09 ± 0.03^d	0	0.02 ± 0.01^c
Abandoned well	1^d	0	0	0.07 ± 0.02^d	0	0

Note: different superscript letters in each column (a, b, c, and d) denote significant variations suggested by the Kruskal–Wallis statistics at 95% of significance, followed by the Dunn test with Bonferroni adjustment as the post hoc test.