Human Intestinal Parasites: Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors among Grade School Children in Maksegnit, Northwest Ethiopia
Table 3
Multivariate logistic regression analysis of potential risk factors associated with intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) in Maksegnit school children, 2018/2019.
Risk factors
Categories
Intestinal parasites
Positive, n (%)
Negative, n (%)
COR (95% CI)
AOR (95%CI)
Grade level
1–4
88 (56.8)
104 (45.4)
0.633 (0.420–0.955)
—
5–8
67 (43.2)
125 (54.6)
1
Age group
7–10
50 (32.3)
72 (31.4)
0.734 (0.405–1.330)
—
11–14
79 (51)
106 (46.3)
0.684 (0.393–1.191)
15–18
26 (16.8)
51 (22.3)
1
Sex
Male
76 (49)
102 (44.5)
0.835 (0.555–1.256)
—
Female
79 (51)
127 (55.5)
1
Residence
Rural
63 (40.6)
30 (13.1)
0.220 (0.134–0.363)
—
Urban
92 (59.4)
199 (86.9)
1
Source of drinking water
River/stream
8 (5.2)
4 (1.7)
0.234 (0.069–0.797)
0.124 (0.027–0.569)
Well
50 (32.3)
18 (7.9)
0.169 (0.093–0.304)
0.506 (0.238–1.078)
Pipe
97 (62.6)
207 (90.4)
1
1
Latrine availability
Yes
76 (49)
201 (87.8)
1
—
No
79 (51)
28 (12.2)
0.134 (0.081–0.222)
—
Defecation habit
Open field
95 (61.3)
42 (18.3)
0.142 (0.089–0.226)
0.216 (0.122–0.382)
Latrine
60 (38.7)
178 (81.7)
1
1
Shoe wearing habit
Sometimes
17 (11)
21 (9.2)
0.820 (0.417–1.609)
—
Always
138 (89)
208 (90.8)
1
—
Hand washing habit before a meal
Yes
145 (93.5)
227 (99.1)
1
—
No
10 (6.5)
2 (0.9)
0.128 (0.028–0.591)
—
Hand washing habit after defecation
Yes
51 (32.9)
171 (74.7)
1
1
No
104 (67.1)
58 (25.3)
0.166 (0.106–0.260)
0.236 (0.134–0.417)
Eating raw meat
Yes
39 (25.2)
41 (17.9)
0.649 (0.395–1.065)
—
No
116 (74.8)
118 (82.1)
1
—
Eating raw/uncooked vegetables
Yes
47 (30.3)
51 (22.3)
0.658 (0.414–1.046)
—
No
108 (69.7)
178 (77.7)
1
—
Dirty fingernails
Present
97 (62.6)
57 (24.9)
0.198 (0.127–0.308)
0.146 (0.084–0.256)
Absent
58 (37.4)
172 (75.1)
1
1
Mothers’ education
Illiterate
118 (76.1)
104 (45.4)
0.261 (0.166–0.410)
—
Literate
37 (23.9)
125 (54.6)
1
—
Mothers’ occupation
Housewife
117 (75.5)
127 (55.5)
0.271 (0.114–0.645)
—
Merchant
27 (17.4)
72 (31.4)
0.667 (0.261–1.705)
—
Daily labour
4 (2.6)
2 (0.9)
0.125 (0.019–0.826)
—
Government-employed
7 (4.5)
28 (12.2)
1
—
Pet availability
Yes
91 (58.7)
108 (47.2)
0.628 (0.416–0.948)
—
No
64 (41.3)
121 (52.8)
1
—
Statistically significant at ; Significant association at ; COR = crude odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; AO = adjusted odds ratio.
