Determination of Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Crimean–Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) in the Endemic Region in Turkey: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study
Table 4
Logistic regression analysis of the descriptive characteristics of the participants in terms of anti-CCHFV IgG seropositivity (n = 2319).
Variables
Anti-CCHFV IgG
value
COR (95% CI)
AOR (95% CI)
Seropozitivity n (%)
Seronegativity n (%)
Gender
Female
53 (4.2)
1219 (95.8)
0.001
Ref.
Ref.
Male
77 (7.4)
970 (92.6)
1.83 (1.27–2.62)
2.53 (1.57–4.08)
Age groups
20–39 years
22 (2.4)
903 (97.6)
<0.001
Ref.
Ref.
40–64 years
57 (5.6)
968 (94.4)
2.42 (1.47–3.99)
1.84 (1.05–3.20)
≥65 years
51 (13.8)
318 (86.2)
6.58 (3.93–11.03)
4.05 (2.14–7.65)
Residental area
City center
43 (6)
671 (94)
0.561
Ref.
Districts
87 (5.4)
1518 (94.6)
0.89 (0.61–1.30)
Education level
Illiterate-literate
46 (11.2)
366 (88.8)
<0.001
Ref.
Ref.
Primary-secondary
71 (5.2)
1282 (94.8)
0.44 (0.30–0.65)
0.49 (0.30–0.80)
High school-university
13 (2.3)
541 (97.7)
0.19 (0.10–0.36)
0.33 (0.14–0.76)
Marital status
Married
111 (5.5)
1901 (94.5)
0.014
Ref.
Ref.
Single
3 (2.1)
139 (97.9)
0.37 (0.12–1.18)
0.89 (0.25–3.170)
Divorced
16 (9.7)
149 (90.3)
1.84 (1.06–3.19)
1.30 (0.70–2.42)
Family income level
Bad
87 (7.3)
1102 (92.7)
<0.001
Ref.
Ref.
Medium
33 (4.6)
685 (95.4)
0.61 (0.40–0.92)
0.93 (0.59–1.46)
Good
10 (2.4)
402 (97.6)
0.32 (0.16–0.61)
0.71 (0.33–1.52)
Chronic disease
No
53 (4.9)
1034 (95.1)
0.151
Ref.
Yes
77 (6.3)
1155 (93.8)
1.30 (0.91–1.87)
Smoking
No
86 (5.9)
1365 (94.1)
0.385
Ref.
Yes
44 (5.1)
824 (94.9)
0.85 (0.58–1.23)
Alcohol use
No
120 (5.7)
1984 (94.3)
0.523
Ref.
Yes
10 (4.7)
205 (95.3)
0.81 (0.42–1.56)
Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2)
No
83 (5.9)
1333 (94.1)
0.503
Ref.
Yes
47 (5.2)
856 (94.8)
0.88 (0.61–1.27)
Total
130 (5.6)
2189 (94.4)
Anti-CCHFV IgG, anti-Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus immunoglobulin G; COR, crude odds ratio; AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; Ref, reference; value of Yates’ corrected X2 test for anti-CCHFV IgG serology subgroup comparison.