Review Article

The Use of TSH in Determining Thyroid Disease: How Does It Impact the Practice of Medicine in Pregnancy?

Table 2

Causes of elevated serum TSH concentrations.

Assay-related
 Bioinactive TSH secretion
 Heterophile antibodies
Dysfunctions of the thyroid gland
 Family history of thyroid disease (latent thyroid disorder)
 TSH resistance syndromes
 Thyroid hormone resistance
 Germline mutations of TSH receptor
 Hashimoto thyroiditis
 Other autoimmune conditions
 Recovery phase of subacute thyroiditis
Dysfunctions of the pituitary gland
 Pituitary tumors (TSH producing)
Environmental
 Pregnancy
 Iodine deficiency
 Radioactive iodine treatment
 Medications (steroids, dopamine, iodine, amiodarone)
 Nonthyroidal illness
 Insufficient medication in individuals with a thyroid disorder