De Novo Donor-Specific HLA Antibody Development and Peripheral CD4⁺CD25^high Cells in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Place for Interaction?

Table 1

Patient characteristics.

	All; 𝑁=53 (%)	DSA negative; 𝑁=36 (%)	DSA positive; 𝑁=17 (%)	𝑃
Recipient female	30 (56.6)	20 (55.6)	10 (58.8)	1.000
Donor female	30 (56.6)	21 (58.3)	9 (52.9)	0.942
Recipient age, mean ± SD	32.3±12.4	31.1±12.2	34.8±12.7	0.317
Donor age, mean ± SD	38.5±10.9	37.9±10.3	39.8±12.1	0.558
ESRD etiology
Diabetes	6 (11.3)	4 (11.1)	2 (11.8)	0.693
Lupus	3 (5.7)	3 (8.3)	0 (0)	0.556
Glomerulonephritis	3 (5.7)	3 (8.3)	0 (0)	0.556
Hypertension	2 (3.7)	2 (5.6)	0 (0)	0.827
Other	3 (5.7)	1 (2.8)	2 (11.8)	0.494
Unknown	36 (67.9)	23 (63.9)	13 (76.4)	0.548
Sensitizing events
Blood transfusions	35 (66.0)	23 (63.9)	12 (70.6)	0.865
Pregnancies (𝑁=30)	11 (36.7)	5 (25.0)	6 (60.0)	0.108
Donor type
Living donor	44 (83)	29 (80.6)	15 (88.2)	0.701
Deceased donor	9 (17)	7 (19.4)	2 (11.8)
HLA mismatches				0.040^*
0	6 (11.3)	6 (16.7)	0 (0)	0.186
1	5 (9.5)	4 (11.1)	1 (5.9)	0.917
2	6 (11.3)	5 (13.9)	1 (5.9)	0.693
3	15 (28.3)	9 (25)	6 (35.3)	0.652
4	2 (3.8)	2 (5.6)	0 (0)	0.827
5	13 (24.5)	6 (16.7)	7 (41.1)	0.111
6	6 (11.3)	4 (11.1)	2 (11.8)	0.693
Immunosuppression
Daclizumab	42 (79.2)	26 (72.2)	16 (94.1)	0.082
CsA+Aza+Pdn	9 (17.0)	6 (16.7)	3 (17.6)	0.762
CsA+MMF+Pdn	3 (5.7)	3 (8.3)	0 (0)	0.556
Tac+Aza+Pdn	18 (34.0)	13 (36.1)	5 (29.4)	0.865
Tac+MMF+Pdn	22 (41.5)	14 (38.9)	8 (47.1)	0.791
Other	1 (1.8)	0 (0)	1 (5.9)	0.698

All the patients had a PRA < 10% at transplantation and absence of donor-specific antibodies (DSAs). ^∗𝑃 value by Chi square for trend.